Week 10 - Important Concepts

Question 1

Complex pattern of characteristics, largely outside of the person’s awareness

Answer 1

Personality

Question 2

An enduring pattern of deviant (i.e. differing from _______ expectations) inner experiences and behaviour

Answer 2

Personality disorder

cultural expectations

Question 3

How are personality disorders often picked up?

Answer 3

Not typically the thing that patients will go to in-patient settings for. Personality disorders often get picked up when they seek care.

Question 4

Personality disorders are _______ and ________ (across a broad range of situations), and ______ (over time)

Answer 4

pervasive, inflexible

stable

Question 5

What are the core components of adaptive/maladaptive functioning?

Answer 5

Self control
Identity integration
Relational capacities
responsibility
Social concordance
(disruption in the above being the criteria for maladaptive functioning)

Question 6

An issue in this, would mean that the client didn’t find themselves in adolescence/early adulthood

Answer 6

identity integration

Question 7

What are the 3 main groupings of PDs?

Answer 7

Cluster A - odd-eccentric
Cluster B - dramatic-emotional
Cluster C - anxious-fearfulness

Question 8

What are the Cluster A PDs?

Answer 8

Schizoid
schizotypal
Paranoid

Question 9

What are the Cluster B PDs?

Answer 9

Borderline PD
ASPD
Histrionic PD
Narcissistic PD

Question 10

What are the Cluster C PDs?

Answer 10

Avoidant PD
Dependent PD
Obsessive-compulsive PD

Question 11

Paranoid PD:
- Features?
Epidemiology:
- found in ___-____ of the general population
Although the etiology is unclear, there is a _______ predisposition

Answer 11

mistrustful
persistent ideas of self-importance

0.5-2.5%

Genetic

Question 12

Nursing considerations for Paranoid PD:

• The PD is not usually the reason for ______ ______
• can be difficult to establish this
• changing thought patterns takes time, but sometimes change _____ take place

Answer 12

seeking care
NC relationship
doesn’t

Question 13

Schizoid PD
- Features (main)
Epidemiology
Etiology

Answer 13

Features:

• introverted and reclusive
• minimum introspection and self-awareness
• symptoms sometimes mimic schizophrenia

Rarely diagnosed in clinical settings

Etiology unknown

Question 14

Unlike other disorders, we know what can help schizoid PD patients, however, it often doesn;t help. Why?
What time of interventions do help?

Answer 14

Don’t present to the healthcare system in the first place
Cannot establish NC relationship

Social skill training and encouragement of social interactions helps

Question 15

Schizotypal PD
- Describe the features
Epidemiology?
Etiology?

Answer 15

Eccentric end of cluster A
Resembles schizophrenia greatly during psychotic episodes
Social deficits - hard to establish NC relationship

0.6-1.5% prevalence

unknown etiology

Question 16

Nursing considerations schizotypal PD

• one of the main considerations?
• care similar to that of?

Answer 16

may not be able to help this person

care similar to that of schizophrenics

Question 17

Pervasive patterns of instability, marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts

Answer 17

Borderline PD

Question 18

These individuals live from crisis to crisis, but appear more competent than they are.

Answer 18

Borderline PD

Question 19

What are some problem areas for pts of MPD?

Answer 19

• Regulating moods, impulsivity/destructive tendency
• Developing identity
• Maintaining interpersonal relationships
• Connection to reality

Question 20

A key component of MPD patients is the idea of unstable interpersonal relationships. Describe.

Answer 20

Fear of abandonment
Attachment problems (unstable, insecure)
Over-idealize relationships - e.g. greatest relationship, worst breakup

Question 21

Clinical course of MPD includes the concept of painful incoherence, or?

Answer 21

internal disharmony

Question 22

What are some cognitive dysfunctions associated with MPD?

Answer 22

Dichotomous thinking - all or nothing

Dissociation - detached from self; outside looking in

Question 23

Many ______ and ______ show symptoms similar to those with BPD.
Symptoms of BPD being in _________.

Answer 23

Children and adolescents - may be due to tumultuous times

Symptoms begin in adolescence

Question 24

Epidemiology of MPD:

• ___-____% prevalence in general population
• In clinical populations, is it the _______ frequently diagnosed PD
• Mean age of diagnosis is _____
• Coexistence of PD with mood, substance abuse, eating, dissociative, and anxiety disorders

Answer 24

0.4-2.0%
most frequently
mid-20s

Question 25

What are some risk factors for BPD?

Answer 25

Childhood physical/sexual abuse | Parental loss/separation

Question 26

This theory is prominent in the explanation of BPD.

Answer 26

Psychoanalytic theory

Question 27

Range of medications used to treat BPD. | Psychotherapy of choice for BPD.

Answer 27

Mood stabilizers, antidepressants and at times anxiolytics | Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) - psychotherapy of choice

Question 28

Describe DBT.

Answer 28

Similar to CBT, but more structured with mindfulness component 4 stages/tiers - individual, group-skills training, telephone connection, debriefing (therapy for therapist)

Question 29

Pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence.

Answer 29

Antisocial PD

Question 30

Interpersoanlly engaging, but apathetic. | Lack empathy, compassion and remorse.

Answer 30

Antisocial PD

Question 31

``` ASPD Epidemiology: - _-_% of the population - No diagnosis before ___ - Need a Hx of _______ ______ prior to ___ ``` Risk factors: - ____ more often diagnosed - Present in all ______ - Comorbid with ______ and ______ abuse

Answer 31

2-3% 18 conduct disorder prior to 15 Men more often diagnosed Present in all cultures Comorbid with alcohol and drug abuse

Question 32

Etiology: - Biologic: - - ______ component - ____ times more common in first-degree relatives - Psychological - - ________ attachments - - _________ temperament - Social - - ______ families - - Abuse

Answer 32

genetic 5 times more likely in first-degree relatives insecure attachments difficulty (aggressive, inattentive, hyperactive, impulsive) chaotic families

Question 33

Grandiose sense of self-importance inexhaustible need for attention lack empathy everything about suiting the narcissist's needs

Answer 33

Narcissistic PD

Question 34

Narcissistic PD Epidemiology: - _% of the population Etiology?

Answer 34

1% | unknown

Question 35

Not as many obsessions and compulsions, but rigidity, perfectionism, and control.

Answer 35

Obsessive-compulsive

Question 36

Submissive pattern | cling to others to be taken care of

Answer 36

Dependent

Question 37

Desire for social life but avoid interpersonal contacts and social situations perceive themselves as socially inept

Answer 37

Avoidant PD

Question 38

Cluster C disorder that is prevalent in clinical samples

Answer 38

dependent PD

Question 39

Not just needy, but very submissive person, unable to look after themselves and external focus on someone else having to do things for them

Answer 39

Dependent

Question 40

Odd + magical beliefs, behaviours, not paranoid Dramatic, seductive, but not chaotic Unemotional, cold, indifferent

Answer 40

schizotypal Histrionic Schizoid

Question 41

Suspicious, jealous, but not psychotic or unlawlful Aggressive, unlawful, impulsive Unstable chaotic, impulsive, not aggressive or unlawful

Answer 41

Paranoid ASPD BPD

Question 42

Needs relationships, indecisive, fears abandonment Needs people but fears relationships Self-centered, entitled, lacks empathy but not unlawful or chaotic Perfectionists, need structure, highly organized

Answer 42

Dependent Avoidant Narcissistic OCPD

Question 43

Cross referenced to ASPD.

Answer 43

conduct disorders