Week 1 - Important concepts Flashcards
The onset of most mental illnesses occurs when?
Adolescence and early adulthood
Over _____ of people worldwide receive care for some form of mental disorder at some time in their life.
1/3rd
___ of Canadians will be diagnosed with at least one mental disorder in their lifetime.
20%
What are the most common psychiatric disorders in the workforce?
Depression, Anxiety and PTSD
Approaches to mental health represent ______ at the time.
beliefs
Until the 19th century, mentally ill people were cared for at _____. However, if they had no _______, they would live out on the streets, This contributed to this stigma.
Home
Family
criminality, uncleanliness and danger
Drilling a hole through a skull to release spirits.
Brought back by this guy.
Trephination
Hughes
Early mental health facilities followed this model - meaning that those deemed unfit for society were hoarded into one place.
Custodial model
Who was the first to really foster the idea that people with mental health disorders were also sick.
Freud
What is the current focus of mental health care?
Medication
theories that explain neurobiologic changes related to mental disorders
biologic
theories related to psychological processes of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
psychological
theories that account for the influence of social forces encompassing the patient, family, and community within cultural settings
social
the core of who we are and the connections between ourselves, and our universe
spiritual
What index was used in Bhutan in the Himalayas?
Gross National Happiness index
• A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make contributions to his or her own community
mental health
What is often the deciding factor between something being normal vs. a disorder?
when a client’s perceived level of distressed is intolerable
Diagnosable mental disorders are characterized by alterations in what?
In addition?
Feelings (mood/affect), thought (cognition), actions (behaviours)
in addition to:
- distress, impaired function and over a period of time
What are the two classification systems for mental health disorders?
International Statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD-10)
Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-V)
Most mental health services are provided where?
Community settings
What is the cornerstone of the Canadian healthcare system?
Recovery
Recovery in the mental health case is peculiar, why?
Recovery is less about returning to one’s former self, and more about engagement and one’s own personal autonomy and social identity with this disease
What does the crisis response focus on? What are the steps?
Short-term intervention focusing on:
De-escalation, stabilization, symptom reduction, prevention of relapse
purposeful, systematic, and dynamic process that uses various techniques to learn about a client’s health-illness information
Assessment
AEIOU
Assess, examine, interview, observe, understand
Develop a holistic understanding of the individual to establish a diagnosis, treatment goals, and plan of care
comprehensive assessment
Collect specific information regarding a specific need, problem or situation
Focused assessment
What is important to remember about assessment tools?
They only provide a snapshot, need several across time to achieve consistency
Physical status and function; pharmacological considerations; laboratory studies; physical assessment findings
assessment in the biologic domain
Responses (of the patient to their illness); mental status examination (MSE); stress and coping; risk/protective/promotive factors
assessments in the psychological domain
pervasive and sustained emotions that impact their worldview
mood
outward emotional response; range, appropriateness, intensity, stability
affect
false sensory perceptions not shared by others
hallucinations
misperceptions/misrepresentations of a real sensory stimuli
illusions
what the person is thinking
thought content
how thoughts are formed and expressed
process
What does the MMSE look at?
LOC, orientation, registration, memory, attention and concentration
understanding of reality
insight
ability to identify logical decisions
judgement
- Functional status – day to day life
- Ethnic and cultural assessment
- Family structure and supports
- Community structure and supports
- Employment, hobbies
Assessment in the social domain
