Week 10 HHD Pulmonary

Question 1

Preload vs afterload

Answer 1

Preload: volume entering the ventricles
Afterload: resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood

Question 2

What is central venous pressure

Answer 2

Reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart
CVP is = RAP

Question 3

Causes of abnormal CVP/RAP and what do they cause

Answer 3

• elevated RVSP=artery and lung hypertension
• Tricuspid/pulmonic regurgitation=RA/RV volume overload
  -valve stenosis or PHTN = RV pressure overload
• RV pressure overload may result in RV dilation/hypertrophy

Question 4

Values for grading RAP based on IVC diameter and collapsibility

Answer 4

• Normal: 3 mmhg , <2.1 cm, greater than 50% collapse
• Mild: 8mmhg, <2.1 cm, less than 50% collapse
• moderate: 8mmhg, >2.1 cm, greater than 50% collapse
• severe: 15mmhg, >2.1 cm, less than 50% collapse

Question 5

What is Bernoulli’s equation and the formula?

Answer 5

• a way to estimate RVSP non invasive
• RVSP = 4(VTR)^2 + RAP