Study Guide For Final

Question 1

Equation for RVFAC

Answer 1

• (RVEDA - RVESA)/RVEDA x 100

Question 2

Equation for cardiac output

Answer 2

CO = SV x HR

Question 3

Equation for stroke volume

Answer 3

SV = LVEDV - LVESV

Question 4

Equation for EF%

Answer 4

EF = (LVEDV - LVESV)/LVEDV X 100

Question 5

NL values for LVIDd M and F

Answer 5

Male: 4.2-5.8, 5.9-6.3, 6.4-6.8, >6.8
Female: 3.8-5.2, 5.3-5.6, 5.7-6.1, >6.1

Question 6

What are the 3 phases of Ventricular Systole

Answer 6

1) IVCT
2) RAPID EJECTION
3) reduced ejection

Question 7

What is IVCT

Answer 7

• the period from the av valve closure (end diastole) until SL valve open (beginning of systole)
• volume is at its greatest
  -pressure rises rapidly in preparation of SL valve opening

Question 8

What is rapid ejection

Answer 8

• the first half of ventricular systole
• rapid ejection of blood
• ventricular pressure rises while volume rapidly decreases

Question 9

What is reduced ejection

Answer 9

• ventricular pressure rapidly decreases

Question 10

What are the 4 phases of ventricular diastole

Answer 10

1) IVRT
2) early rapid filling
3) diastasis
4) late filling (after P wave)

Question 11

What is IVRT

Answer 11

• begins at SL valve closure (end systole) continues until AV valves open
• heart volume is at its smallest
• all valves are closed for a split second

Question 12

Normal values for stroke volume

Answer 12

70-100ml/Beat

Question 13

Normal values for Cardiac output

Answer 13

4-8L/Min

Question 14

Normal values for EF% M and F

Answer 14

Male: 52-72, 40-51, 30-40, <30
Female: 54-74, 41-53, 30-40, <30

Question 15

Septal and posterior walls thickness M and F

Answer 15

Male: .06-1.0, 1.1-1.3, 1.4-1.6, >1.6
Female: .6-.9, 1.0-1.2, 1.3-1.5, > 1.5

Question 16

When is end diastole on ekg

Answer 16

End diastole is on the R wave

Question 17

When is end systole on ekg

Answer 17

End systole is on the T wave

Question 18

Normal values for tapse

Answer 18

> 1.6 cm/sec

Question 19

Normal value for RVFAC

Answer 19

> 35%

Question 20

Normal value for RA area

Answer 20

<18cm^2

Question 21

Normal value for Rv lateral tdi of annulus

Answer 21

> 10cm/s

Question 22

What is RV free wall strain

Answer 22

• assesses rv systolic fxn
• the change in length of the myocardial segment / the original length

Question 23

What is RV free wall strain calculation and NL value

Answer 23

• Change in length / original length
• more than -20% is good

Question 24

What are the 2 main pressures of the left heart

Answer 24

LVEDP: <15mmhg
Mean LAP: <10mmhg

Question 25

What measurements do you take to assess diastology

Answer 25

- PW Doppler of MV - PW TDI lateral and septal MV annulus - PW Doppler RUPV - 2D LA volume - cw Doppler of peak TR

Question 26

values for LA ESV bsa

Answer 26

16-34, 35-41, 42-48, >48

Question 27

Normal values for septal e prime and lateral e prime

Answer 27

- septal e: >7cm/sec -lateral e: >10cm/sec

Question 28

What is the E/e ratio?

Answer 28

The peak mv E wave velocity/septal and lateral e (avg)

Question 29

What E/e ratio suggest normal LAP

Answer 29

E/e ratio < 8

Question 30

What E/e ratio suggest elevated LAP

Answer 30

>14

Question 31

What is the equation for RVSP

Answer 31

RVSP = 4(Vtr)^2 + RAP

Question 32

What are the 4 values to grade tree A of diastology

Answer 32

1) averaged E/e ratio > 14 2) septal and lateral TDI; < 7cm/sec & <10cm/sec 3) TR velocity > 2.8 m/sec 4) LA Volume index > 34ml/m^2

Question 33

What is the probability of diastolic dysfunction based off the 4 measurements in tree A

Answer 33

- Less than 2 = Normal DD - 2/4 = indeterminate - more than 2 = DD confirmed

Question 34

What is DD grade if E/A is >2

Answer 34

- Elevated LAP - grade 3

Question 35

What is DD grade if E/A is < .8

Answer 35

- Normal LAP - but grade 1 DD