week 10 Flashcards
purgatory
- temporary place of punishment
- away from earth
- before going to heaven
- not Hel ( = eternal punishment)
- the soul would stay to be purged of the left-over sin, when the soul is cleaned it would go to heaven
division and subdivision
- used to approach abstract things
- divide it into smaller parts until it becomes concrete
for and against
scholastic approach: arguing for and against a problem or question (dialectical reasoning)
- may one believe only in God alone, or not
a pardoner
- raises funds for the church
- linked to secondary clergy, but not a priest
- sells indulgences (pardons)
- also sells relics, fake medicine –> abuse of power
- claims he can absolve sin (not true)
what is ‘love’
Caritas = creative lover (charity)
- the love for God, charity is a source of grace
Amor = procreative love (physical love)
- between husband and wife
- nothing to do with spiritual love
Cupiditas = anti-creative love (greed)
- love for yourself
- appetite turned into lust, selfishness
- the pardoner shows this kind of love, but should be showing caritas
the seven deadly sins
- pride
- wrath, anger
- envy
- avarice, greed
- lechery
- gluttony
- sloth
medieval methods of instruction - exemplum
- exemplification treats facts or events (real or imagined) as examples which demonstrates some general truth
- concrete story, illustrating general truth
- formal technique
- history is ‘magistra vitea’ (teacher of life)
–> general truth about mankind - first state the theme, than illustrate with exemplum
- can be a full story or reference to another story
chaucers criticism on the pardoners tale
end of tale: hosts reply
–> wants to cut of his balls + help him carry them
pardoners portrait in GP
–> high voice like a goat
-> promoting the image of an eunuch
chaucers pardoner and his cupiditas
- admission of selling fake relics and quackery
- brilliant trick to oblige people to donate money
- abuse of authority (claims he can absolve sin himself)
- self-comparison to dove (Holy Ghost)
–> downgrading the symbol - plain confession of his vice
–> I preach for nothing else then for money - no shame in confessing his sins to an audience
medieval methods of instruction - scholasticism
to understand phenomena or problems: logic
- system of analysis universally understood
- set of rules to verify a conclusion
Logic from Aristotle (4th century BC)
- syllogism ( 2 premises + 1 conclusion)
Different analytical systems in the course of history
–> for and against
–> division and subdivision
Gods grace
Earned by Christs death to redeem people
–> at the church’s disposal to distribute
- pope and later on also the bishop
Granted through an indulgence/pardon
- plenary (pope)
- partial (bishop)
- later on people got indulgences if they went on crusades –> eventually you got an indulgence of you did a good deed
–> the indulgences are what convinced Martin Luther to leave the church
guilt and punishment
Guilt (eternal)
- compensated by repentance, through confession of sin to a priest
Punishment (temporal)
- expiated in purgatory
- compensated by grace, by means of indulgence, granted by a pardoner (on behalf of a bishop)
