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BDS3 Anatomy > Week 1: Skull, Cervical Spine, Hyoid, Posterior Triangle > Flashcards

Week 1: Skull, Cervical Spine, Hyoid, Posterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

what are the Pneumatised bones?

A

frontal
maxillary
sphenoid
ethmoid

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2
Q

what bones consist of Neurocranium?

A

frontal
parietal x2
occipital
sphenoid
temporal x2
ethmoid

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3
Q

what bones consist of Viscerocranium?

A

ethmoid
palatine x2
lacrimal x2
nasal x2
zygomatic x2
vomer
inferior nasal concha x2
maxilla x2, mandible

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4
Q

main feature of neurocranium?

A

external acoustic meatus
styloid and mastoid processes
temporal fossa

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5
Q

main feature of viscerocranium?

A

zygomatic arch
mandible
infratemporal fossa

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6
Q

what and where is the Pterion?

A

H-shaped junction of sutures
weak area of skull
overlies anterior branch of middle meningeal artery

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7
Q

Sutures

A

Fibrous joint
coronal, sagittal, lambdoid

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8
Q

Paranasal sinuses are..

A

frontal sinus
ethmoidal cells
maxillary sinus

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9
Q

Norma Basalis is? + main features

A

inferior external view of skull

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10
Q

What are the atypical cervical vertebrae + features ?

A

C1 - atlas - has anterior and posterior arches, no body, spinous process = tubercle, has facets that articulate with occipital condyles of skull

C2 - axis - has dens/odontoid process

C7 - vertebra prominens (attachment of ligamentum nuchae)

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11
Q

Features of typical cervical vertebrae C3-6

A

body
transverse process
superior articular facet
lamina
anterior and posterior tubercle
spinous process (bifid)
transverse and vertebral foramen

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12
Q

Cervical vertebrae joints are?

A

atlanto-occipital (nodding)
lateral - atlanto (side to side)

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13
Q

Where is the hyoid bone and components?

A

C3 level anterior neck
body, lesser horn (connected with stylohyoid ligament) and greater horn

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14
Q

What are the neck boundaries?

A

superior = base of skull, inferior border of mandible
inferior = top of sternum, clavicle, acromion & C7

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15
Q

Neck compartments

A

Visceral - resp and digestive system, endocrine glands
Vascular - blood vessels, nerves
Vertebral - cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, muscles, cervical nerves

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16
Q

What are the Deep Fascia layers?

A

investing
pretracheal
prevertebral

carotid sheath

17
Q

carotid sheath contains

A

internal carotid artery
internal jugular vein
vagus nerve

18
Q

what are the boundaries of the posterior triangle of neck

A

Anterior - posterior border of SCM
Inferior - middle 3rd clavicle
Posterior - anterior broder trapezius

19
Q

roof of posterior triangle consists of

A

deep cervical fascia (investing layer)
platysma
superficial fascia and skin

20
Q

floor of posterior triangle is formed by what muscles

A

splenius capitis
levator scapulae
anterior, middle, posterior scalenes

21
Q

SCM origin and insertion

A

sternal head - manubrium
clavicular head - superior surface of medial 3rd of clavicle

lateral surface of mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line

22
Q

innervation of SCM and trapezius

A

spinal accessory nerve CN XI

23
Q

trapezius origin and insertion

A

superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes (C7-T12)

lateral 3rd clavicle, acromium, spine of scapula

24
Q

where is the cervical plexus located

A

posterior triangle of the neck, halfway up the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and within the prevertebral layer of cervical fascia.

25
Q

what is the cervical plexus formed by

A

the anterior rami (divisions) of cervical spinal nerves C1-C4.

26
Q

muscular branches of cervical plexus

A

phrenic C3,4,5
ansa cervicalis C-3

27
Q

cutaneous branches of cervical plexus

A

C2 lesser occipital
C2-3 greater auricular, transverse cervical
C4 supraclavicular

28
Q

what nerves innervates infrahyoid muscles

A

ansa cervicalis (anterior rami C1-3)

29
Q

where does external jugular veins start and drains into?

A

starts in the parotid at the level of the angle of the mandible and runs vertically down the neck along the posterior border of the SCM.

it drains into the subclavian vein

30
Q

anterior jugular vein is formed from and drains into?

A

formed from submandibular veins and can drain into the external jugular vein or the subclavian vein directly,

31
Q

difference between R and L subclavian

A

Left directly branches from arch of aorta
right is a branch from brachiocephalic (from arch of aorta)

32
Q

Branches of subclavian

A

Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical
Costocervical
Dorsalscapular

33
Q

brachial plexus trunks

A

superior C5,6
middle, posterior C7
inferior C8, T1

34
Q

posterior triangle contains which part of omohyoid

A

inferior belly

35
Q

omohyoid is innervated by

A

ansa cervicalis

BDS3 Anatomy (12 decks)

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