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MICROLEC > WEEK 1- INTRO TO MICROBIO > Flashcards

WEEK 1- INTRO TO MICROBIO Flashcards

1
Q

the study of organisms that are so small they cannot be seen with the naked eye

A

MICROBIOLOGY

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2
Q

what were the greek words used for the term Microbiology?

A

mikros, bios, logio or logos

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3
Q

what are microorganisms or miccrobes grouped into?

A

acellular infectious agents (prions, viruses)

cellular organisms- prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria) and eukaryotes (algae, fungi, protozoa)

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4
Q

the study of bacteria

A

Bacteriology

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5
Q

the study of viruses

A

VIROLOGY

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6
Q

the study of fungi

A

Mycology

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7
Q

the study of protozoa and parasitic worms

A

PARASITOLOGY

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8
Q

the study of algae

A

PHYCOLOGY

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9
Q

the study of the immune system and the immune response

A

IMMUNOLOGY

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10
Q

the collective term for the thousand or more species of microorganisms which inhabit the human body

A

NORMAL FLORA/ INDIGENOUS FLORA

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11
Q

give a few reasons why we should study microbiology?

A
  • better understanding of how microorganisms produce disease, paving way to better disease management and control (discovery of vaccines)
  • better understanding of the negative instances in which science can be uses (re-emerging diseases, potential of microorganisms as biological warfare agents, resistance to anitbiotics)
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12
Q

who established microbiology? and when

A

Carolus Linnaeus, 1735

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13
Q

what language was traditionally used by scholars?

A

Latin

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14
Q

what names are microorganisms normally known by?

A 
genus (plural=genera)
specific epithet (species name)

both are underlined or italicized

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15
Q

how are scientific names formulated

A
  1. describe an organism
  2. honor a researcher
  3. identify the habitat of the species
  4. identify the use
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16
Q

an Englishman who discovered cell and described it as “little boxes”

A

Robert Hooke

17
Q

all living things are composed of cells

A

The Cell Theory by Robert Hooke

18
Q

Dutch merchant and amateur scientist, created single lens microscope. The first to actually observe live microorganisms which he called_____?

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK- ANIMALCULES

19
Q

he is the father of microscopy (simple microscope and father of microbiology

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

20
Q

he performed countless experiments that led to his ______ who is he?

A

GERM THEORY OF DISEASE, LOUIS PASTEUR

21
Q

who developed PASTEURIZATION and FERMENTATION

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

22
Q

what terms did LOUIS PASTEUR introduce?

A

AEROBES (organism that is able to live and reproduce only in the presence of free oxygen) AND ANAEROBES (organism that does not require oxygen for growth)

23
Q

he is the father of microbiological techniques, formulated koch’s postulates, golden age of Microbiology

A

ROBERT KOCH

24
Q

what did Koch discover?

A

M.TUBERCULOSIS
V.CHOLERAE
B.ANTHRACIS

25
Q

this is a theory in medicine which states that infections, contagious diseases, and various other conditions result from the action of microorganisms

A

THE GERM THEORY OF DISEASE

26
Q

he is the father of IMMUNOLOGY, discovered the first vaccine

A

EDWARD JENNER

27
Q

VACCINE is from the latin word ____ meaning cow, for smallpox

A

VACCA

28
Q

he is the father of antiseptic surgery, used phenol or carbolic acid to disinfect wounds,

-aseptic surgery

A

JOSEPH LISTER

29
Q

father of chemotherapy

discovered salvarsan for the treatment of syphilis

A

PAUL EHRLICH

30
Q

treatment of disease by using chemical substances

A

CHEMOTHERAPY

31
Q

ANTI-SYPHILITIC DRUG

other names are: magic bullet, compound 606, arsphenamine

A

SALVARSAN

32
Q

Discovered penicillin from penicillium notatum, FIRST ANTIBIOTIC

A

ALEXANDER FLEMING

33
Q

A FORTUNATE ACCIDENT: DISCOVERY OF _______

A

PENICILLIN (sep 28, 1928)

34
Q

surgical handwashing

A

IGNAZ SEMMELWEISS

35
Q

discovery of virus

A

DMITRI IVANOVSKY

36
Q

CLASSIFIED BACTERIA INTO FOUR GROUPS OF SHAPE

A

FERDINAND JULIUS COHN

37
Q

developed the gram staining to classify bacteria

A

HANS CHRISTIAN GRAM

38
Q

DISCOVERED diphtheria antitoxin

A

EMIL ADOLF VON BEHRING

39
Q

INTRODUCED AGAR AS A CULTURE MEDIUM

A

FANNY HESSE

MICROLEC (6 decks)

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