WEEK 1- INTRO TO MICROBIO Flashcards
the study of organisms that are so small they cannot be seen with the naked eye
MICROBIOLOGY
what were the greek words used for the term Microbiology?
mikros, bios, logio or logos
what are microorganisms or miccrobes grouped into?
acellular infectious agents (prions, viruses)
cellular organisms- prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria) and eukaryotes (algae, fungi, protozoa)
the study of bacteria
Bacteriology
the study of viruses
VIROLOGY
the study of fungi
Mycology
the study of protozoa and parasitic worms
PARASITOLOGY
the study of algae
PHYCOLOGY
the study of the immune system and the immune response
IMMUNOLOGY
the collective term for the thousand or more species of microorganisms which inhabit the human body
NORMAL FLORA/ INDIGENOUS FLORA
give a few reasons why we should study microbiology?
- better understanding of how microorganisms produce disease, paving way to better disease management and control (discovery of vaccines)
- better understanding of the negative instances in which science can be uses (re-emerging diseases, potential of microorganisms as biological warfare agents, resistance to anitbiotics)
who established microbiology? and when
Carolus Linnaeus, 1735
what language was traditionally used by scholars?
Latin
what names are microorganisms normally known by?
genus (plural=genera) specific epithet (species name)
both are underlined or italicized
how are scientific names formulated
- describe an organism
- honor a researcher
- identify the habitat of the species
- identify the use
an Englishman who discovered cell and described it as “little boxes”
Robert Hooke
all living things are composed of cells
The Cell Theory by Robert Hooke
Dutch merchant and amateur scientist, created single lens microscope. The first to actually observe live microorganisms which he called_____?
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK- ANIMALCULES
he is the father of microscopy (simple microscope and father of microbiology
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
he performed countless experiments that led to his ______ who is he?
GERM THEORY OF DISEASE, LOUIS PASTEUR
who developed PASTEURIZATION and FERMENTATION
LOUIS PASTEUR
what terms did LOUIS PASTEUR introduce?
AEROBES (organism that is able to live and reproduce only in the presence of free oxygen) AND ANAEROBES (organism that does not require oxygen for growth)
he is the father of microbiological techniques, formulated koch’s postulates, golden age of Microbiology
ROBERT KOCH
what did Koch discover?
M.TUBERCULOSIS
V.CHOLERAE
B.ANTHRACIS
this is a theory in medicine which states that infections, contagious diseases, and various other conditions result from the action of microorganisms
THE GERM THEORY OF DISEASE
he is the father of IMMUNOLOGY, discovered the first vaccine
EDWARD JENNER
VACCINE is from the latin word ____ meaning cow, for smallpox
VACCA
he is the father of antiseptic surgery, used phenol or carbolic acid to disinfect wounds,
-aseptic surgery
JOSEPH LISTER
father of chemotherapy
discovered salvarsan for the treatment of syphilis
PAUL EHRLICH
treatment of disease by using chemical substances
CHEMOTHERAPY
ANTI-SYPHILITIC DRUG
other names are: magic bullet, compound 606, arsphenamine
SALVARSAN
Discovered penicillin from penicillium notatum, FIRST ANTIBIOTIC
ALEXANDER FLEMING
A FORTUNATE ACCIDENT: DISCOVERY OF _______
PENICILLIN (sep 28, 1928)
surgical handwashing
IGNAZ SEMMELWEISS
discovery of virus
DMITRI IVANOVSKY
CLASSIFIED BACTERIA INTO FOUR GROUPS OF SHAPE
FERDINAND JULIUS COHN
developed the gram staining to classify bacteria
HANS CHRISTIAN GRAM
DISCOVERED diphtheria antitoxin
EMIL ADOLF VON BEHRING
INTRODUCED AGAR AS A CULTURE MEDIUM
FANNY HESSE
