Week 1 - Freud Flashcards
Freud considered the ______ of a child’s life to be most important?
First 5 years
He interpreted _____
Dreams
Freud believed in ____ _________
Psychic determination
Role of _____ ________ shape adult _________
Role of childhood experiences shape adult personality
_____ and _____ symptoms or _______ have meaning
Biology and individual symptoms or manifestations have meaning
Transference
The unconscious tendency to assign to others feelings and attitudes associated with a significant person to the therapist
Countertransference
The therapist’s emotional involvement with a client
Structure of the Personality
Freud organized the structure of the personality into 3 major components: Id, Ego, Superego
3 major components of Personality
Id, Ego, Superego
Id
- Instinctual drives
- Immediate gratification
- *IMPULSIVE and irrational
- Human nature
Ego
- RATIONAL SELF
- Develops at ages 4-6 months
- Experiences the reality of the external world - adapts and responds to it
- Role is to maintain harmony among external world, id, and superego
- Controls conscious
Superego
- OUR MORAL SELF
- Perfection principle that develops between ages of 3-6 years olds
- Internalizes the values and morals set forth by primary caregivers
- Controls preconscious
Psychic energy and drives
Drives to fulfill basic psychological needs such as hunger, thirst, and sex as libido
Impulsive behaviors prevail when
Excessive psychic energy is stored in the id
3 parts of Freud’s Mental Operations
Conscious, Preconscious, Unconscious
Conscious
Memories that remain within an individual’s awareness
-Under control of the ego (the rational and structure of the personality)
Preconscious
All memories that may have been forgotten or are not in the present awareness
- Can be readily called into consciousness
- Helps to suppress unpleasant or non-essential memories from consciousness
- Partially under the control of the superego
Unconscious
Includes all memories that you can’t consciously remember
-Non-essential or unpleasant memories are repressed
Unconscious material may only emerge in
Dreams and in incomprehensible behavior
Unconscious memories can only be retrieved through
Therapy, hypnotism, and with certain substances that alter awareness and restructure repressed memories
Rational self
Ego
Moral self
Superego
Impulsive/human nature
Id
Oral stage
birth - 18 months
*attachment
*Sense of security and ability to trust others
Infant: can’t differentiate between self and person mothering
4-6 months: views self as separate
How are security and ability to trust others developed in the oral stage?
Derived from fulfilling basic needs
Stage for birth to 18 months
Oral Stage
Phallic stage
3-6 years
- superego development
- sexual identity with parent
- Oedipus complex (males)
- Electra complex (females)
Oedipus complex/Electra complex
Child’s unconscious desire to eliminate parent of same gender and possess parent of opposite gender for him/herself
Oedipus: male
Electra: female
Stage for 3-6 years
Phallic
Latency stage
6-12 years
Transition from egocentricism to interest in group activities, learning, socializing
-Sexuality is obscure and imperceptible to others
-Preference for same-gender relationships (might reject opposite gender)
Stage for 6-12 years
Latency stage
Anal stage
18 months - 3 years
- Toilet training
- Independence and control
- Stubbornness, stinginess, controlling
Stage for 18 months - 3 years
Anal stage
Genital stage
13- 20 years
- LIBIDINAL DRIVE
- Focus on members of opposite gender and preps for mate selection
- Interpersonal relationships based on genuine pleasure
In the genital stage, sexual maturity evolves from
Self-gratification to behaviors deemed acceptable by societal norms
When are ego defense mechanisms used?
- When faced by a threat
- Used consciously or unconsciously as a protective device for ego or to relieve anxiety
When do ego defense mechanisms become a problem?
When they are used to a degree that a person can no longer deal with personal relations or reality
Defense mechanisms (11)
- Compensation
- Rationalization
- Denial
- Reaction formation
- Displacement
- Regression
- Repression
- Intellectualization
- Sublimation
- Undoing
- Projection
Compensation
Covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait one considers more desirable
Rationalization
Attempting to make or formulate logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behaviors
Denial
Refusing to acknowledge the existence of a real situation or feelings associated with it
Reaction formation
Preventing unacceptable or undesired thoughts or behaviors from being expressed by exaggerating opposite thoughts or types of behaviors
Displacement
Transfer of feelings from one target to another that is considered less threatening or neutral
Regression
Retreating in response to stress at an earlier level of development and comfort measures associated with that level of functioning
Repression
Involuntarily blocking unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness
Intellectualization
An attempt to avoid expressing emotions associated with a stressful situation by using the intellect
Sublimation
Diversion of the energy of a sexual or other biological from its immediate goal to one that is more acceptable
Undoing
Symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that is intolerable
Projection
Attributing unacceptable feelings or impulses to another person
