Week 1: Emotional Development

Question 1

What are emotions?

Answer 1

A subjective reaction to the environmentnormally accompanied by physiological arousal

Communicated to others by actions and expressions

Question 2

At what age are we able to express primary emotions?

Answer 2

1 month

Question 3

What are some examples of primary emotions?

Answer 3

Joy, fear, anger, sadness

Question 4

How do we identify emotions in infants?

Answer 4

Facial expressions

Question 5

What are the 9 steps in the sequence of emotional understanding?

Answer 5

Simple cause and effect:

• recognition
• reminder
• external cue

Mentalistic:

• beleif
• desire
• hiding

Reflective:

• morality
• regulation
• mixed

Question 6

When do children gain an understanding of simple cause and effect in emotions?

Answer 6

3-5 years old

Question 7

When do children gain a menalistic understanding of emotions?

Answer 7

5-7 years old

Question 8

When do children gain a reflective understanding of emotions?

Answer 8

7-9 years old

Question 9

What is recognition and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 9

We are able to recognise emotions in facial expressions

3-5

Question 10

What is reminder and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 10

We understand that memories of the past can invoke emotions

3-5

Question 11

What is external cue and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 11

We understand how people feel in specific situations

3-5

Question 12

What is belief and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 12

We understand that children’s emotions are mediated by their beleifs - even if they are untrue

5-7

Question 13

What is desire and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 13

We understand that emotion is mediated by desire so 2 people may react differently to the same situation as they desire different things from it

5-7

Question 14

What is hiding and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 14

We understand that external and internal states may not match and that people can hide their emotions

5-7

Question 15

What is morality and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 15

Our emotions relate to our morals so if we do something morally bad, we feel negative emotions

7-9

Question 16

What is regulation and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 16

We learn to regulate emotions using stratergies

7-9

Question 17

What is mixed and at what age do children aquire it?

Answer 17

We understand that we can feel 2 emotions at the same time and they may contradict each other

Question 18

How do children use behavioural strategy to overcome emotions?

Answer 18

They engage in action to manage that emotion

Question 19

How do children use social support to overcome emotions?

Answer 19

The intervention of a second person helps them overcome the negative emotion

Question 20

How do children use attentional deployment to overcome emotions?

Answer 20

They do or think of other things to distract themselves

Question 21

How do children use cognitive reappraisal to overcome emotions?

Answer 21

They modify the meaning of the situation

Question 22

Why is it important that children learn to regulate their emotions?

Answer 22

It predicts their social competence and allows them to function in a range of settings

Question 23

According to Harris (1989), what are the 3 conditions needed for children to understand the minds of others?

Answer 23

Self awareness
Capacity for pretense (Pretend play)
Distinguishing reality from pretense

Question 24

What are the features of emotional intelligence?

Answer 24

Understanding feelings
Managing feelings
Handling relationships
Empathy

Question 25

What are the flaws in the TEC?

Answer 25

They may be uncomfortable with the researcher
They may no understand the language or lack the language to express themselves
It only looks at static emotion, not how it changes during interactions

Question 26

How does mother’s social phobia affect their children?

Answer 26

25% of children develop it themselves. Doesn’t affect them at 10 months but it does at 14

Question 27

What is the function of reminicing about past experiances?

Answer 27

Parents use this to help their children learn emotions

Question 28

How do parents develop the emotional climate of a family?

Answer 28

They decide what is appropriate to discuss and how much emotion is talked about

Question 29

What is children’s emotional understandting predicted by?

Answer 29

Parent's mentalization scores 
Child's social skills according to their teacher 
Verbal skills 
Emotional avaliabiltiy 
Gender