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Yr3Sem2 Exercise for Health and Disease Prevention > Week 1 (ECG) > Flashcards

Week 1 (ECG) Flashcards

1
Q

Primary prevention:

A
  • specific practices for the prevention of disease or mental disorders in susceptible individuals or populations
  • Preventing before it happens
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2
Q

Secondary prevention:

A
  • The prevention of recurrences or exacerbations of a disease or complications of its therapy
  • Preventing it happening again or getting worse
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3
Q

Which ventricle is larger?

A

Left as it is pumping to the whole body (not just to lungs)

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4
Q

P-wave - ____ depolarisation

A

atrial

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5
Q

QRS complex - _____ depolarisation (much larger R wave because of mm. mass)

A

ventricular

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6
Q

T wave - ventricular _______

A

re-polarisation

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7
Q

What is the U wave?

A

U wave not important, some people have it some don’t, doesn’t mean anything significant

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8
Q

Smallest square is how long?

A

0.04s (40ms)

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9
Q

Large square is how long?

A

0.2s (200ms)

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10
Q

Five large squares is how long?

A

1 second

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11
Q

HR can be calculated by counting the __ waves over a set distance

A

R

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12
Q

PR interval is the…?

A

Beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex (atrial depolarisation)

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13
Q

PR interval is excitation from the ____ node to the _____

A

SA node to ventricles

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14
Q

PR interval is usually _____ ms

A

120-200 ms

- If over 120ms, depolarisation initiated closer to AV node (abnormally fast)

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15
Q

The QRS complex should be ____ small squares (___ms)

A

3 small squares (120ms or slightly less)

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16
Q

The QRS complex represents depolarisation of ____

A

ventricles

- NOT contraction which occurs during S and T waves

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17
Q

Any abnormally in ventricular conduction it will _____ the QRS complex

A

widen

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18
Q

QT Interval is the beginning of the ____ wave to the end of the ___ wave

A

Q, T

19
Q

The QT interval can vary with _____

A

HR

20
Q

The QT interval can be prolonged with people with _____ abnormalities

A

electrolyte

21
Q

The ___ interval is diagnostically not as important as QRS and PR intervals

A

QT

22
Q

The ECG is made up of ____ ‘pictures’ (leads)

A

12

23
Q

Standard leads (limb leads) are….?

A

I, II, aVR, aVF, aVL

24
Q

Six V leads (V1-V6) go where?

A

Chest electrodes

25
Q

Interpretation is easy if you remember the _____ from which the various leads ‘look’ at the heart

A

directions

26
Q

____ view is always negative because electrical activity is moving AWAY from the lead

A

aVR

27
Q

____ is looking at activity in right angle (side view, not looking towards or away from it), small R wave indication

A

aVL

28
Q

V1 & V2: image the _____ ventricle

A

right

29
Q

V3 & V4: image the ____ and anterior wall of the _____ ventricle

A

septum, left

30
Q

V5 & V6: image the anterior and lateral walls of the _____ ventricle

A

Left

31
Q

Rhythm identified from whichever lead shows the P wave most clearly (usually lead ___)

A

II

32
Q

If shape of QRS is positive/upwards, depolarisation is moving ____ that lead

A

towards

33
Q

If shape of QRS is negative/downwards, depolarisation is moving ____ that lead

A

away from

34
Q

When depolarization is moving at right angles to the lead the R and S wave are of ____ size

A

equal

35
Q

The normal cardiac Axis is from…

A

11 o’clock to 5o’clock

- direction of depolarization is towards leads I, II, and III (all positive, or upward facing)

36
Q

Finding location….V1?

A
  • Find angle of louis, sternal notch, down to lump, down to 4th intercostal space (V1)
37
Q

Finding location….V4 and V3?

A

5th intercostal space - LEFT, then V3 at 5th rib (between V2 and V4)

38
Q

Women: V__-V__ under breast

A

V3-V6 under breast

39
Q

Atrial depolarisation causes __ wave

A

P

40
Q

Ventricular depolarisation causes …..

A

QRS complex

41
Q

Q wave - downwards/upwards?

A

downwards

42
Q

R wave - downwards/upwards?

A

upwards

43
Q

Downwards after R wave –> ___ wave

A

s wave

44
Q

Interference from conduction process causes phenomenon called

A

heart block

Yr3Sem2 Exercise for Health and Disease Prevention (7 decks)

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