Week 1 Flashcards
What are morals
Beliefs of the individual or group
What are ethics
Guiding principles whihc help the indivudal or group decide what is good or bad.
destinguish what morals and ethics are goverened by
Morals goverened by siocal and cultural norms
ethics goverened by individual or legal norms
distinguish what morals and ethics deal with
morals = principles of right and wrong
Ethics = right and wrong conduct
destinguish how moral and ethics differ in consistency
Morals = differ from society to society and culture to culture
Ethics = generally uniform
Describe the Deontological perpective of ethics
focus on duty and moral obligation.
Some actions are intrisically right (truth) others are wrong (murder). A decision is ethical if the intention was ethical regardless of outcome.
people must act accordingly regardless of possible good and bad consquences.
describe Consequential perpectives of ethics
Focus on the outcome of actions not the intention. Stealing to give to the hungry.
What is Utilatariansim
A branch of consquential ethics which proposed that the right action is that which maximises positive outcomes for the largest number of people.
how would a Utiliatarian response to the hedonist trolley problem
they would send the trolled down the track wich hurts the least amount of people.
Describe Personality based virtue ethics
virtues are a measure or morality. develop a virtuous individual rather than focus on right and wrong
Describe a Virtues person
is kind across many situations because that is their character and not because they want/need to do their or bring about good outcomes.
wisdom, creativity, forgiveness, integrity respectfulness and benevolence
What is DEPHOGS
Dignity Equtiability Prudence Honesty Openess Goodwill Sufferring Prevention
what is Dignity
treating people as worthy of and with respect - end not means to an end
what is Equtiability
fair and impartial in judgement and relations
Treat others as you want to be treated.
What is Prudence
non-maleficnce –> cause no further harm by commision nor omission.
What is Honesty
Behaving in a way that is straightforward and truthful
this principle does not commit us to being honest whatever the cost to our client
What is Openess
within the relationship, communication should be characterised by candour (open honest frank) and free of hypocrisy
What is Goodwill
Refers to generating a reputation of being concerned for others and perhaps altruistic (self-less). doing more than the bare minimum for a client .
–> prevents problems
What is Suffering prevention
Involves the prevention of suffering, AND also its alleviation – This goes further than Prudence (which is just causing no further harm)
Describe General princisple A: Respect for the rights a dignity of people
all people intrinsically valuable Respect and protect poeples rights Respect divesity/uniquness Promote equity Culturally sensitive
What are the general principles of General Principle A.
Justice Respect Informed Consent Autonomy Pivacy, confidentiallty Release of infomation to clients Collection of info from associated parties.
Describe General princisple B: Propriety
Practice within limits of competence, ethics and legalities.
Beneficence and non-maleficence
undertsand responsibilities and prtoect client and profession
What are the general principles of General Principle B.
competence, record keeping, use of interpretes, collaboating with others, termination of services. research.
Describe General princisple C: Integrity
Recognise position of power and trust they have
commit to best interest of clients
Conduct self with virtue and honesty
Practice objectively be away of bias
What are the general principles of General Principle C.
reputable behaviour
forsee conflict of interest
Non-exploitation
Self reflection.
What is a dilemma
To conflicting moral beleifs
what is an ethical dilemma
a clash between two ethical principles
What is a mixed dilemma
When and ethical principle and moral belief clash.
What is the common sense, objectivity trap
The belief that common-sense and/or an objective solution to an ethical dilemma is easy to come by, since psychologist learn ethics and are good poeple.
What is the Values Trap
o When a professional’s values, moral standards or religious beliefs conflict with ethical standards.
What is the Circumstantiality Trap
there are no rights and wrongs, but rather that ethical behaviour depends on the circumstances.
—>behaviour is right or wrong according to the professional ethical standards REGARDLESS of the circumstances under which it occurred.
What is the who will benefit trap?
Confusion surrounding who will benefit from an ethical decision as a result of having to take sides among two or more conflicting interests. the resolution will not always be in the interests of the client but may be e.g. in the interest if the public
What are 4 common ethical violations
Dual relationships
Breach of confidentiality
Provision of services outside of competence
Failure to take appropriate steps to prevent suicide.
