Week 1

Question 1

What sort of model is the ICF?

Answer 1

Biopsychsocial model

Question 2

What are the 3 components of the ICF and define.

Answer 2

Body Structure and Function: Spared and Impaired body structures
Activities and Participation: Capacity and performance
Environmental and Personal Factors: Barriers and facilitators

Question 3

Primary body functions concerned with SP (5)

Answer 3

Voice functions (production and quality of voice)
Speech functions (articulation of phonemes)
Mental functions of language (expressive and receptive language)
Mental functions of cognition (attention, executive function, memory), Functions of digestive system
(VSLCD)

Question 4

Activities vs particpation define and consider

Answer 4

Activities (externally observable) focus on the person’s individual functioning. Participation (lived experience of the person) emphasises the person’s involvement in society & life situations
COMMUNICATION- receiving and producing

Question 5

Define Cognition

Answer 5

Refers to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension (ie. thinking, remembering, judging)

Question 6

Define Neuroscience

Answer 6

The multidisciplinary study of the NS and the brain

Question 7

Define Cognitive Neuroscience

Answer 7

Understanding the neural mechanisms responsible for human cognition

Question 8

3000BC Prehistoric Ancestors

Answer 8

Evidence that pre-histoic ‘brain surgery’ was used to ‘cure’ or ‘treat’ and NOT kill. Trepanation- make holes in skull

Question 9

2500BC Ancient Egypt & Pre-history

Answer 9

Believed the heart to be the seat of the soul & memory (not the head). No mention in Hebrew Bible or New Testament

Question 10

384-322BC Aristotle (Ancient Greece)

Answer 10

Believed that the organ of thought & sensation was the heart. Brain was merely the radiator designed to cool it

Question 11

460-370BC Hippocrates (Ancient Greece)

Answer 11

Started to write of the importance of the brain. Saw the brain as the seat of Intelligence

Question 12

Galen of Pergamon- Roman Empire

Answer 12

Famous Dr that used animal dissection to study the anatomy of the brain & spinal cord. Studied the injuries of the gladiators

Question 13

Renaissance Period

Answer 13

Leonardo DaVinci laid the foundations for anatomical drawings- revealed the complexity of the brain

Question 14

Thomas Willis (1621-1675)

Answer 14

English physician who formulated detailed descriptions of the function of the brain

Question 15

Gall (1758-1828)

Answer 15

Localisation of Specific Functions by studying the “bumps” on the surface of the brain.

Question 16

Paul Broca (1824-1880)

Answer 16

French neurologist & researcher. Clinical observations & autopsy findings provided strong scientific evidence for localisation

Question 17

Phineas Gage (1823-1860)

Answer 17

Lovely man. After an accident that involved trauma to the frontal lobe massive personality change.

Question 18

Carl Wernicke (1848-1905)

Answer 18

Further developed Broca’s localisation of language. Localised to damage to the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere.

Question 19

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Answer 19

Evolution of the nervous system. Studied origins of emotional responses & facial expressions in humans and animals.

Question 20

What type of r/ship does brain & behaviour have

Answer 20

Reciprocal. Brain controls behaviour. Behaviour & experience alters the brain.