Week 1 Flashcards
Leader as an individual:
Roles include spokesperson, figurehead, entrepreneur, strategy developer, and executor.
Leadership as shared responsibility:
Often shared between people, roles may shift based on expertise, emphasizing collaboration and collective processes.
Trait Theory:
Leaders have special traits (e.g., Ralph Stogdill).
Behavioral Theory:
Focuses on how leaders act; leadership skills can be developed (e.g., Kurt Lewin).
Contingency Theory:
Effectiveness depends on the situation, evaluating followers and circumstances (e.g., Fiedler, Vroom)
Transformational Leadership Theory:
Leaders inspire and motivate followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes (e.g., Burns)
Leadership Theories
Trait Theory
Behavioural Theory
Contingency Theory
Transformational Leadership Theory
Leadership Traits
Drive: Motivation, ambition, energy.
Leadership Motivation: Desire to lead, power as a means to achieve group goals.
Honesty & Integrity: Consistency between words and deeds.
Self-Confidence: Emotional maturity and assertiveness.
Cognitive Ability: Problem-solving and decision-making skills.
Knowledge of the Business: Ability to gather and assimilate organizational information.
Power:
The ability to influence decisions or control resources.
Legitimized Power (Max Weber):
Charisma: Personal leadership traits.
Tradition: Socially inherited power (e.g., patriarchy).
Law: Power rationalized by law.
Old vs. New Power (Heimans & Timms, 2019):
Old power is restricted and inherited; new power is open and participatory.
Bases of Social Power
Reward Power
Coercion Power
Legitimate Power
Expert Power
Referent Power
Reward Power
Using rewards to influence behavior.
Coercion Power:
Using punishments to control behavior.
Legitimate Power
Right to direct others.
Expert Power:
Influence through superior knowledge.
Referent Power:
Influence based on admiration and trust.
Management:
Focuses on technical skills (forecasting, planning, coordinating)
Leadership:
Produces change and movement, focuses on people.
Difference:
Managers focus on efficiency, leaders focus on empowerment
Leadership Styles
Transformational
Servant
Ethical
Empowering
Instrumental
Destructive
Transformational:
Inspires and motivates teams towards a common goal in response to change.
Servant:
Focuses on the well-being and growth of team members (“subordinates first”).
Ethical:
Promotes ethical conduct.
Empowering:
Fosters confidence, participation, and autonomy.
Instrumental:
Goal-oriented and task-focused approach.
Destructive:
Undermines the organization or subordinates (based on “dark” leadership).
