WEATHERING

Question 1

the destruction of rocks by weathering

Answer 1

mechanical weathering

Question 2

type of mechanical weathering of repeated cycles of freezing and thawing

Answer 2

frost wedging

Question 3

mechanical weathering where thick layers of sediments overlying deeply buried rocks by erosion or uplift are removed

Answer 3

unloading

Question 4

mechanical weathering where varying temperatures cause expansion and contraction

Answer 4

insolation weathering

Question 5

another term for insolation weathering

Answer 5

onion skin weathering

Question 6

mechanical weathering where soil swells and contracts

Answer 6

wetting and drying

Question 7

mechanical weathering where plant roots exert pressure during growth

Answer 7

plant root action

Question 8

the dissolution/alteration of minerals by reactions with aqueous solutions

Answer 8

chemical weathering

Question 9

based on the goldich stability series, what mineral is most resistant to chemical weathering?

Answer 9

quartz

Question 10

based on the goldich stability series, what mineral is less resistant to chemical weathering?

Answer 10

olivine

Question 11

based on the goldich stability series, what composition of plagioclase is most resistant to chemical weathering?

Answer 11

sodium-rich plagioclase

Question 12

based on the goldich stability series, what composition of plagioclase is less resistant to chemical weathering?

Answer 12

calcium-rich plagioclase

Question 13

chemical weathering where ions of water and silicate minerals yield to soluble silicic acid and clay minerals

Answer 13

hydrolysis

Question 14

rock material affected by hydrolysis

Answer 14

silicate minerals

Question 15

chemical weathering where new minerals formed by gaining or losing water

Answer 15

hydration and dehydration

Question 16

rock material affected by hydration and dehydration

Answer 16

evaporites and ferric oxides

Question 17

chemical weathering forming oxides and hydroxides

Answer 17

oxidation

Question 18

rock material affected by oxidation

Answer 18

iron and manganese-bearing silicate minerals, and sulfur

Question 19

chemical weathering where commonly, CO2, is dissolved

Answer 19

solution

Question 20

rock material affected by solution

Answer 20

carbonate rocks and evaporites

Question 21

chemical weathering where ions exchange between solutions and minerals

Answer 21

ion exchange

Question 22

rock material affected by ion exchange

Answer 22

clay minerals

Question 23

chemical weathering where metal ions bond to organic molecules

Answer 23

chelation

Question 24

rock material affected by chelation

Answer 24

silicate minerals

Question 25

• factors the source of lithology, mineralogy, textures
• fine-grained rocks decompose more readily than coarse-grained

Answer 25

source composition

Question 26

factors temp fluctuations and precipitation

Answer 26

climate

Question 27

factor that influences the exposure of rock to weathering and rate of erosion and transpo

Answer 27

topographic relief