DEPRESSIONS AND INTRUSIVE LANDFORMS Flashcards
basin, circular in form within which occurs a vent from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta
crater
formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption
caldera
known as the world’s largest caldera located in Benham Rise
Apolaki Caldera
the Apolaki Caldera was discovered by a Filipina marine geophysicist
Jenny Anne Barretto
means “giant lord” in Filipino
named after the god of sun and war in philippine mythology
Apolaki
formed by a sinking of the ground surface lying above a void
pit crater/ volcanic sink
at what depths do shallow intrusions form?
<2km
contact parallel to the bedding of the country rock
concordant intrusion
contact not parallel to the bedding of the country rock
discordant intrusion
discordant: formed when magma hardens within a vent and erosion removes surrounding rock
volcanic neck
discordant: a wall-like ridge formed when erosion removes softer material from along the sides of a dike
dike ridges
discordant: a large, intrusive igneous rock body formed from cooled magma deep within the Earth’s crust. located more than 100km^2
batholith
concordant: tabular sheet intrusion between bedding
Sill
concordant: dome or mushroom-like form with a planar base
laccolith
dome or spire-shaped uplifts created by the intrusion of plastic material from below
diapirs and diapir-like structres
a rare flow of salt that is created when a rising diapir in a salt dome breaches the surface of Earth.
A salt glacier (or namakier)
islands of diapiric or intrusive clay
mudlumps
ice-cored hill restricted to areas of permafrost
Pingo
volcanic looking landforms that are not volcanic
pseudo-volcanic landforms
