Weather (Paper 1) Flashcards
How high does warm air rise at the equator?
15km
How many years does the eccentricity cycle take?
100,000
Between what dates did the Medieval Warm Period occur?
950-1100
The highest point in the Maldives is how many metres above sea level?
2.4m
The international airports in the Maldives are built within how many metres from the coastline?
50
Glaciers and ice sheets accounted for how much of the planet’s total land area in 2016?
10%
What ocean temperature is necessary for tropical cyclones to form?
27 degrees
Between what latitudes are cyclones found?
5 and 30 degrees
On what date was Hurricane Sandy officially registered as a hurricane?
24th October 2012
When did Hurricane Sandy make landfall in the USA?
29th October 2012
How fast were the winds when they were recorded when Hurricane Sandy made landfall?
129km/h (80mph)
How many people died in Hurricane Sandy?
150
How much economic damage was caused in Hurricane Sandy?
$65 billion
What was the name of one of the coastal nature reserves that was damaged by Hurricane Sandy?
Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge
On what date did Typhoon Haiyan form?
2nd November 2013
On what date did Typhoon Haiyan make landfall in the Philippines?
7th November 2013
Winds reached gusts as high as what in Typhoon Haiyan?
306km/h (190mph)
How many died in Typhoon Haiyan?
6,000
How many people in Typhoon Haiyan were displaced?
600,000
How much economic damage was caused in Typhoon Haiyan?
$2 billion
What is an arid environment?
Less than 250mm of precipitation a year
Between what years did California experience drought?
2012 - 2014
How much did drought cost California in 2015?
$2.7 billion
In response to California drought, how much did state law insist be cut from water use?
25%
How many acres were taken out of crop production in California due to drought?
542,000
When was the worst drought in 30 years for Ethiopia?
2015 (began 1980s)
What % of population in Ethiopia relied on agriculture for their income in 2016?
85%
On average how much land is lost every year due to forest fires in Ethiopia?
200,000 ha
How much aid was given to Ethiopia by the USA in 2015?
$128.4 million
What were the responses to Hurricane Sandy?
-Concerts for Sandy Relief (individuals)
-America red cross helped victims (organisations)
-Billions of dollars voted through legislation to help with rebuilding (government)
What were the responses to Typhoon Haiyan?
-People in countries such as the UK and Canada gave money towards relief effort (individuals)
-UK gave £10 million in aid
Which organisations gave aid to help people get water supplies in Ethiopia?
Oxfam and UNICEF
What public education campaigns did the government set up in California
Save our water
What are the 3 causes of drought?
-Meteorlogical
-Hydrological
-Human
What is meteorlogical drought?
Meteorlogical - When an area receives less than average precipitation. High pressure systems force away low pressure systems.
What is hydrological drought?
Hydrological - Where the hydrological cycle receives less rainfall than normal. Less precipitation means groundwater supplies and reservoirs are not refilled.
What is human drought
Human - Deforestation, as trees intercept and add to the atmospheric moisture by transpiration. Dam building can also restrict flow of water in the river.
