Ecosystems (Paper 1) Flashcards
On average, how many people visit the UK’s coastline each year?
250 million
How any turbines are installed at London Array?
175
How many acres of moorland are there in the UK?
350,000 ha
How many acres of heath are there in the UK?
95,000 ha
How high is the main canopy in a tropical rainforest?
30m to 40m
What % of animals live in the main canopy in a tropical rainforest?
80%
What adaptation does a Uroplatus gecko have?
Camouflage
What % of sunlight reaches shrub layer in a tropical rainforest?
2%
How much carbon dioxide does the tropical rainforests absorb each year worldwide?
2 billion tonnes
On average, how much of the tropical rainforest is deforested each year world wide?
7.3 million ha
What are they mining in Brazil?
Iron ore
What % of land area in Madagascar was forest in 2016?
20%
Tavy is responsible for what % of deforestation in Madagascar?
80%
What was the population of Madagascar in 2010?
20.7 million
What is the name of the association set up in Madagascar with the responsibility of managing the rainforest?
Association Mitsinjo
How much timber was produced in 2014 from UK temperate woodlands?
13 million tonnes
How much carbon dioxide do the UK’s temperate woodlands absorb each year?
1 million tonnes
What % of temperate woodland was cleared in the UK during the 20th century?
38%
Which tree species grows quicker out of deciduous and coniferous?
Coniferous
On average, how many tourists visit the New Forest each year?
15 million
How much timber does the New Forst produce each year?
50,000 tonnes
Work in the forest is minimised between which months to avoid disruption to wildlife?
April-Autumn
What % of the New Forest if privately owned?
50%
What are the different world ecosystems?
-Tropical
-Temperate
-Boreal
-Tropical Grasslands
-Temperate Grasslands
-Deserts
-Tundra
What are the characteristics of the tropical ecosystem?
Mostly found either side of the equator. Temperature is hot and there is heavy rainfall.
What are the characteristics of the temperate ecosystem?
Higher latitudes where sun rays are varying during seasons. There is high rainfall. Trees lose their leaves in the cool winters.
What are the characteristics of the boreal ecosystem?
Higher latitudes where sun rays are weak. Trees are adapted to the cold with needle-like leaves
What are the characteristics of the tropical grassland ecosystem?
Found either side of the equator. Hot all year, dry and rainy season.
What are the characteristics of the temperate grassland ecosystem?
Found North and South of the tropics. Warm summers and cool winters, precipitation all year.
What are the characteristics of the desert ecosystem?
Found close to the tropics. Hot air sinks here and the Sun’s rays are concentrated, making it hot all day with very little rain.
What are the characteristics of the tundra ecosystem?
Within the Arctic circle. The sun gives little heat here and there is little rainfall. Only tough, short grasses survive.
