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Earth Science > Weather > Flashcards

Weather Flashcards

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1
Q

present condition of atmosphere at given location

A

weather

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2
Q

why do weather change

A

changes because of unequal distribution of heat from the sun

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3
Q

weather can be broken down into precise and different variables called

A

atmospheric variables

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4
Q

amount of heat in an atmosphere

A

air temperature

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5
Q

air temperature is measured by

A

thermometer

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6
Q

measure of force exerted by air onto surfaces

downward force exerted by air particles

A

air pressure

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7
Q

what is air pressure expressed in

A

atmosphere (atm); millimeter of Mercury (mmHg); bar

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8
Q

measuring device of air pressure

A

barometer

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9
Q

what decreases with altitude

A

air pressure

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10
Q

amount of moisture in the air (mostly in the form of water vapor)

measure of moisture in the air

A

humidity

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11
Q

what happens when humidity is at the point of saturation or approaches 100%

A

it fogs

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12
Q

measuring device of humidity

A

hygrometer or psychrometer

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13
Q

bodies of condensed water

A

cloud

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14
Q

measurement of the part of the sky covered with clouds

A

cloud amount

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15
Q

types of cloud

A

cirrus - cumulus - nimbus - stratus

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16
Q

fine/feathery; highest in altitude

A

cirrus

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17
Q

puffy/bulbous; formed by humid and hot air

A

cumulus

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18
Q

dark cloud from which rain falls; also latin for rain

A

nimbus

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19
Q

flat and hazy, situated at relatively low altitudes

A

stratus

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20
Q

when the accumulated droplets in the clouds become too heavy, they fall back to the surface of the earth as what

A

precipitation

21
Q

types of precipitation

A

rain - drizzle - sleet - glaze - snow - hail

22
Q

either horizontal movement of air or vertical

A

air movement

23
Q

it is horizontal; moves from regions of higher air pressure to lower air pressure

A

wind

24
Q

measure of how fast the air is travelling horizontally

A

wind speed

25
Q

measuring device of wind speed

A

anemometer

26
Q

where the air is flowing or blowing into

A

wind direction

27
Q

measuring device of wind direction

A

wind vane

28
Q

hot air is generally less dense than cold air; hot air descends while cold air ascends

A

air current

29
Q

results from unequal rates of cooling and heating of bodies of land and bodies of water

A

sea breeze and land breeze

30
Q

during daytime, land is hotter than water because of what

A

sea breeze

31
Q

process of sea breeze

A

land heats up and moves upward

creates a low pressure area

air from the sea moves toward the land to replace the rising air

32
Q

during night time, land cools faster than air because of

A

land breeze

33
Q

process of land breeze

A

cool air above the land creates a high pressure inland

wind descends and moves towards the sea

34
Q

low pressure area surrounded by pressure of high area or vice versa

A

circular wind flow

35
Q

low pressure surrounded by high pressure

counterclockwise direction

moves in a curved path towards the center

cloudy conditions and precipitation are expected

A

cyclone

36
Q

high pressure surrounded by low pressure

clockwise direction

air is blown outward from the center

center of high-pressure regions, fair and clear weather is expected

A

anti-cyclone

37
Q

intense disturbances in the atmosphere

A

storms

38
Q

begins when warm air rises very rapidly (forming cumulonimbus clouds)

caused by the upward movement of warm, moist air, associated with cumulonimbus clouds

A

thunderstorms

39
Q

internal friction builds up static electricity

A

lightning

40
Q

violent air disturbances originating from oceans

A

hurricanes

41
Q

119 kph and below (wind speed)

A

cyclone

42
Q

120 kph and above

A

hurricane

43
Q

typhoon range

A

> 119

44
Q

severe tropical storm range

A

89 - 119

45
Q

tropical storm range

A

62 - 88

46
Q

tropical depression

A

< 61

47
Q

separates air masses of different densities

A

front

48
Q

cloud based near the ground

A

fog

49
Q

violent windstorms taking the form of a rotating column of air that extends down a cumulonimbus cloud

A

tornadoes

Earth Science (13 decks)

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