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Earth Science > Earth and the Moon > Flashcards

Earth and the Moon Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

geologic timelines

A

precambrian eon
paleozoic era
mesozoic era
cenozoic era

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2
Q

make up 7/8 of earth’s history

A

precambrian eon

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3
Q

sudden burst of biological diversity as a result of spike in oxygen levels

appearance of invertebrates, bony fishes, amphibious organisms

A

paleozoic era

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4
Q

age of dinosaurs

A

mesozoic era

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5
Q

3 periods of mesozoic era

A

triassic

jurassic

cretaceous

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6
Q

extinction of dinosaurs

A

theorized to be caused by an asteroid colliding into Earth, covering the atmosphere with soot and toxic gas

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7
Q

largest land mammals have begun to evolve

evolution of Man and primates

A

cenozoic era

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8
Q

3 kinds of motion of earth

A

rotation

revolution

precession

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9
Q

spinning of the earth around an imaginary line called axis

A

rotation

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10
Q

earth’s axis

A

23.5 degeres

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11
Q

direction of rotation

A

west to east (view from equator)

counterclockwise (view from northpole)

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12
Q

1 full rotation

A

one daytime and one nighttime

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13
Q

what does rotation do to the shape of the earth

A

makes it oblate spheroid

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14
Q

movement of the earth along its orbit

A

revolution

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15
Q

speed of revolution

A

around 18 m/s

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16
Q

direction of revolution

A

counterclockwise

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17
Q

period

A

365.25 days

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18
Q

day and night are unequal in length

A

solstice

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19
Q

north pole leans FARTHEST away from the sun

sun strikes directly at the tropic of cancer

A

winter solstice

20
Q

north pole leans NEAREST towards the

strikes directly at the tropic of capricorn

A

summer solstice

21
Q

day and night are equal in length

A

equinox

22
Q

when is vernal equinox

A

march 20-21

23
Q

when is autumnal equinox

A

september 22-23

24
Q

movement of the Earth revolving alteration in the orientation of its rotational axis

A

precession

25
Q

phases of the moon

A

new moon - waxing crescent - first quarter - waxing gibbous - full moon - waning gibbous - third quarter - waning crescent

26
Q

illuminated part faces away from the earth

the moon is dark

A

new moon

27
Q

half of the illuminated part can be seen

A

1st quarter

28
Q

illuminated part can be fully seen

A

full moon

29
Q

half of the illuminated part can be seen

A

third quarter

30
Q

shape of the moon (illumination) is increasing

A

waxing

31
Q

shape of the moon (illumination) is decreasing

A

waning

32
Q

crescent

A

unilluminated part > illuminated part

33
Q

gibbous

A

illuminated part > unilluminated part

34
Q

phenomenons where the earth, moon and sun fall in the same line

A

eclipse

35
Q

solar eclipse

A

sun-moon-earth

36
Q

lunar eclipse

A

sun-earth-moon

37
Q

the celestial body is completely within the umbra

A

total eclipse

38
Q

darkest part

A

umbra

39
Q

the celestial part is partially in the umbra and extends to penumbra

A

partial eclipse

40
Q

lightest part

A

penumbra

41
Q

rise and fall of sea levels influenced by the combined gravitational forces exerted by the moon, sun and rotation of earth

A

tides

42
Q

gravitational pull of sun and moon combine

results in high high-tides and low low-tides

happens during new moon and full moon

A

spring tide

43
Q

sun and moon work at the right angles, causing the bulges to cancel out

results in smaller difference between high and low tides

happens during moon’s quarter phases

A

neap tide

44
Q

models of the solar system

A

geocentric theory and heliocentric theory

45
Q

geocentric theory

A

earth is at the center of solar system

46
Q

heliocentric theory

A

solar system revolves around the sun

47
Q

lone natural satellite of earth

rotation and revolution are simultaneous, thus, only one side is visible on earth

lower gravitational force than earth, objects weigh lighter

originated from a large body crashing into the proto-Earth, ejecting molten material which cooled into the moon

A

the moon

Earth Science (13 decks)

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