Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Earth Science > Climate > Flashcards

Climate Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

weather of a region over an extended period

A

climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

elements of climate

A

temperature - precipitation - latitude - distribution of land and water - wind belts - monsoons - oceanic currents - vegetative cover - elevation - mountainranges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

primary factor of temperature and control, determines angle and duration of insulation

A

latitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

unequal rates of heating and cooling bodies of land and water

A

distribution of land and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

systems of convection cells resulting from alternating low and high pressure belts

A

wind belts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

seasonally reversing system of surface winds caused by temp. differences between land and ocean

A

monsoons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

transfers heat from the equator towards the poles

A

oceanic currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

plays a role in water cycle

A

vegetative cover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gradual decrease in ave. temp. or pressure within elevation

A

elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

serve as barriers to outbreaks of cold air; protect inland from severe storm

A

mountainranges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

show dominance of special combination of air-mass source regions; based on biomes

A

basic climate groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

controlled by equitorial/tropical air masses

A

low-latitude climates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

examples of low-latitude climates

A

rainforest - savanna - desert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tropical moist; rainfall is heavy in all months, rain often exceed 250cm; summers are very warm and humid

A

rainforest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

wet-dry tropical; very wet season and very dry season

A

savanna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

dry-tropical; covers 12% of the Earth’s surface

A

desert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

tropical air masses moving towards the pole

polar air masses moving towards the equator

A

mid-latitude climates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

types of mid-lat climates

A

steppe - chaparral - grassland - deciduos forest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dry mid-latitude; grassland; semi-arid climate

A

steppe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

mediterranean; wet winter; dry summer

A

chaparral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

dry mid-latitude; dry climate (limited to NORTH AMERICA and EURASIA)

A

grassland

22
Q

moist continental; climate in the polar front zone

A

deciduous forest

23
Q

polar arctic masses dominate

A

high-latitude climates

24
Q

types of high-lat climates

A

taiga - tundra - alpine

25
Q

boreal forest; continental climate: long, cold winders; short, cool summers

A

taiga

26
Q

found among coastal areas; winter is long and severe and there is no true summer

A

tundra

27
Q

highland climate; cool to cold; mountains and plateaus; altitude > latitude

A

alpine

28
Q

factors of climate change

A

changes in output of energy by sun

variation in the tile of the Earth’s axis of rotation

blocking of incoming solar radiation by pressure in atmosphere in human activity

29
Q

indicators of climate change

A

global warming; el nino & la nina

30
Q

natural and/or artificial fluctuations in global temperatures

A

global warming

31
Q

around 30% of light radiated towards the Earth is bounced by outer atmosphere and is scatted back into space

A

greenhouse effect

32
Q

remainder touches the planet’s surface and is mirrored up again as a form of slow-moving energy called

A

infrared radiation

33
Q

heat produced by infrared radiation is absorbed by what

A

greenhouse gases

34
Q

examples of greenhouse gases

A

water vapor - carbon dioxide - ozone - methane

35
Q

causes of greenhouse gases

A

fossil fuel emissions (heightens greenhouse gas concentration)

36
Q

effects of greenhouse gases

A

earth’s average temperature increases

snow melts, increasing sea level and decreasing land surface

many organisms will lose habitat due to flooding

37
Q

lessening production of greenhouse gases is what

A

kyoto protocol

38
Q

results form a band of warm ocean temperatures that occasionally develops off the western coasts of SOUTH AMERICA and can cause climactic changes across the pacific ocean

A

el nino and la nina

39
Q

high air surface pressure in western pacific

cool nutrient-rich sea water is displaced by warmer water which is depleted of nutrients, resulting into a significant decline in marine life

A

el nino

40
Q

low air surface pressure in the western pacific

A

la nina

41
Q

excessive use of natural resources, introduction of pollutants to nature, production of harmful chemicals, etc.

A

human activities

42
Q

effects of air pollution

A

reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

lung cancer

global warming

acid rain (sulfuric acid and nitric acid caused by sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide reacting with water)

43
Q

area of thinning ozone layer (measured every october, INCREASE in size)

A

ozone hole

44
Q

effects of ozone hole

A

health hazards

45
Q

lessening on substances that deplete the ozone layer is called

A

montreal protocol

46
Q

no danger

A

0-2

47
Q

little risk/harm (from unprotected sun exposure)

A

3-5

48
Q

high risk/harm (from unprotected sun exposure)

A

6-7

49
Q

very high risk/harm (from unprotected sun exposure)

A

8-10

50
Q

extreme risk/harm

A

11-15

Earth Science (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions