Wealth Inequalities Flashcards
1
Q
Understood as a persons earnings from their employment, pensions etc … is known as?
A
Income
2
Q
Total value of a persons assets is known as …
A
wealth
3
Q
This means that almost how much of Scotland’s workforce is out of work?
A
1 in 20
4
Q
For households where no one is in employment the poverty rate is roughly what % according to JRF.
A
50%
5
Q
In households where there is one person in full time work the poverty rate is …
A
10%
6
Q
This means that the difference in poverty rate between households that are in work and are worklessness is what %?
A
40%
7
Q
According to JRF households who are receipt of Universal Credit have a poverty rate of what %?
A
54%
8
Q
More than 3/5 of individuals who experience poverty in the UK are in a working household?
A
True
9
Q
Education is known as the what when it comes to escaping poverty?
A
The silver bullet
10
Q
Those with higher levels of education are statistically less likely to experience poverty
A
True
11
Q
How much of the UK experiencing poverty have no formal qualifications?
A
40%
12
Q
What are the 5 C’s?
A
Cleaning, catering, clerical, cashiering and childcare.
13
Q
What % of lone parent families are headed by women?
A
90%
14
Q
The poverty rate for working age adults is what %?
A
20%
15
Q
The benefit system in 2023 offers significantly less support than the system did in 2010?
A
True
16
Q
The poverty rate for administration and support services has gone up by 4 percentage points from 19% in 2011/12 to ____% by 2022
A
23%
17
Q
What is the overall poverty rate for the whole of the UK?
A
22%
18
Q
What is the poverty rate for Scotland?
A
19%
19
Q
Just over 1 in 10 working-age adults with an undergraduate degree or above are living in poverty compared with more than 4 in 10 working-age adults with no qualifications?
A
True
20
Q
Why is education more likely to reduce your likelihood of experiencing poverty in Scotland than it is for the rest of the UK?
A
Tuition fees are free in Scotland.
21
Q
It has been illegal for over 40 years to pay men and women different money for the same job?
A
True
22
Q
When we look at the average of earnings across all sectors we can see that men earn on average £652 for full time work while women earn on average £____
A
£558
23
Q
According to Close the Gap Scotland for every £1 a man earns a women earns
A
90p
24
Q
In a recent survey by the Scottish Government _____% of respondents identified changing from a working to a workless household as the causal factor in their experience of poverty.
A
22%
25
What is the NMW for workers over the age of 23?
£10.42
26
According to the real living wage, the min wage should be ...
£11.44
27
The rate of inflation during the cost of living crisis reached a high of 11% whilst welfare increased by
3.1%
28
It is estimated that in 2019-22, ____% of children in relative poverty after housing costs were living in working households.
69%
29
The socio-economic gap in education starts early with children from less affluent backgrounds already underperforming at the age of _____.
3
30
The Robertson Trust states that 1 in 10 school leavers living in the most deprived areas in Scotland are unemployed in the 9 months post school compared to just _____% of young people living in affluent areas.
2.6%
31
Jordanhill in Glasgow (affluent) have 91% of school leavers leaving with 5 highers or more compared to Northfield Academy (deprived) who have just _____%
7
32
English students can pay up to £______ a year to go to university
£9,250
33
_____% of single women with children live in poverty
38%
34
1 in 4 children in Scotland live in poverty which is about what %
24%
35
The poverty rate amongst children in Scotland is 24% whilst for OAPs it is just ____%
15%
36
What was the unemployment rate in Scotland as of May 2024?
The unemployment rate in Scotland was 4.5% in May 2024.
37
By what percentage did inflation in the UK grow in 2022-23?
Inflation in the UK grew by 11% in 2022-23.
38
How much did unemployment benefits increase in the UK during the same period (2022-23)?
Unemployment benefits increased by 3.1% in the UK during 2022-23.
39
What percentage of children in workless households in Scotland were living in relative poverty in 2023?
46% of children in workless households in Scotland were living in relative poverty in 2023.
40
How did the percentage of children in workless households living in relative poverty change from 2014 to 2023 in Scotland?
It increased from 37% in 2014 to 46% in 2023.
41
What percentage of people living in poverty in the UK are in a working household?
More than 60% of people living in poverty in the UK are in a working household.
42
Between 2019 and 2022, what percentage of children in relative poverty after housing costs were in working households?
69% of children in relative poverty after housing costs were in working households between 2019 and 2022.
43
What is the poverty rate for part-time workers compared to full-time workers in the UK?
The poverty rate for part-time workers is 23%, more than double that of full-time workers, which is 10%.
44
What percentage of lone-parent families are headed by women in the UK?
90% of lone-parent families are headed by women in the UK.
45
What percentage of single women with children live in poverty in the UK?
38% of single women with children live in poverty in the UK.
46
What proportion of minority ethnic children were living in poverty in Scotland in 2023?
48% of children from minority ethnic groups were living in poverty in Scotland in 2023.
47
What percentage of Black or Pakistani households in Scotland were in poverty in 2021?
40% of Black or Pakistani households were in poverty in Scotland in 2021.
48
According to the Robertson Trust, what percentage of school leavers from the most deprived areas in Scotland were unemployed nine months after leaving school?
10% of school leavers from the most deprived areas in Scotland were unemployed nine months after leaving school.
49
What percentage of minority ethnic women experienced bias at work according to the Equalities and Human Rights Committee in Scotland?
72% of minority ethnic women experienced bias at work.
50
How much higher is the likelihood of experiencing deep or very deep poverty for minority ethnic households compared to the Scottish average?
Minority ethnic households are nearly 3 times more likely to experience deep or very deep poverty compared to the Scottish average.
51
What was the unemployment rate in Scotland as of May 2024?
The unemployment rate in Scotland was 4.5%.
52
By what percentage did inflation in the UK grow between 2022 and 2023?
Inflation in the UK grew by 11%.
53
By what percentage did unemployment benefits increase during 2022 and 2023?
Unemployment benefits increased by only 3.1%.
54
What percentage of children in workless households in Scotland were living in relative poverty in 2023?
46% of children in workless households were living in relative poverty in 2023.
55
What percentage of respondents in a Scottish Government survey reported a shift to a workless household as the cause of their poverty?
22% of respondents reported this shift as the cause of their poverty.
56
What percentage of low-income households cannot afford unexpected expenses?
60% of low-income households cannot afford unexpected expenses.
57
What percentage of children in relative poverty after housing costs were in working households between 2019 and 2022?
69% of children in relative poverty after housing costs were in working households.
58
What is the poverty rate for part-time workers in the UK?
The poverty rate for part-time workers is 23%.
59
What is the poverty rate for full-time workers in the UK?
The poverty rate for full-time workers is 10%.
60
What percentage of lone-parent households in the UK are headed by women?
90% of lone-parent households are headed by women.
61
What is generally understood as income?
The money a person earns from employment, dividends from shares and stocks, pension payments, and other sources.
62
How is wealth defined?
Wealth encompasses income and includes the total value of a person’s assets such as housing, personal possessions, money in the bank, and the value of stocks and shares.
63
What do income and wealth indicate?
They are key indicators of an individual’s financial status and highlight disparities within society.
64
What is a significant issue in the UK related to poverty?
Poverty is a significant issue with complex and multifaceted causes.
65
True or False: Poverty is caused by a single factor.
False
66
What increases the likelihood of falling into poverty?
Experiencing multiple poverty-related factors.
67
What can cause income and wealth inequality?
Differences in income growth among different social groups.
68
How can changes in government policy affect inequality?
Changes in employment, taxation, and government policy can significantly impact levels of inequality.
69
What is unemployment often referred to as?
"Worklessness."
70
What was the unemployment rate in Scotland as of May 2024?
4.5%.
71
How does unemployment affect individuals?
It prevents them from affording essentials and excludes them from opportunities like work experience.
72
What has widened the gap between the ‘haves and the have nots’ in the UK?
The cost-of-living crisis.
73
What was the inflation rate in the UK in 2022-23?
11%.
74
What was the increase in unemployment benefits during 2022-23?
3.1%.
75
What percentage of children in workless households were living in relative poverty in 2023?
46%.
76
What were the poverty rates for children in workless households in 2014?
37%.
77
What can regressive policies do to individuals in poverty?
Push them further into poverty.
78
What is Universal Credit?
A government scheme intended to streamline welfare and encourage employment.
79
What are criticisms of Universal Credit?
Negative impact on income and wealth, long waits, and difficult criteria for accessing benefits.
80
True or False: Employment guarantees protection against poverty.
False
81
What percentage of low-income households cannot afford unexpected expenses?
6 out of 10.
82
What is the poverty rate for part-time workers compared to full-time workers?
23% for part-time workers; 10% for full-time workers.
83
What is the Real Living Wage Foundation's proposed minimum wage?
£12 per hour.
84
What is the impact of low levels of skills on poverty?
Those with low skills are at higher risk of social exclusion and poverty.
85
What gap in education begins early in children?
The socio-economic gap, with underperformance from less affluent backgrounds by age three.
86
What percentage of school leavers from the most deprived areas in Scotland are unemployed nine months after leaving school?
10%.
87
What percentage of the UK population living in poverty have no formal qualifications?
40%.
88
What sectors do women in the UK predominantly work in?
The '5 Cs': cleaning, catering, clerical work, cashiering, and childcare.
89
What percentage of lone-parent families are headed by women?
90%.
90
What is the most significant factor contributing to poverty in Scotland between 2018 and 2021?
A shift to a lone-parent household.
91
What percentage of children in Scotland are living in poverty?
24%.
92
How does reliance on adults for well-being affect children in poverty?
Leads to social isolation, underperformance in education, and poor mental health.
93
What percentage of minority ethnic individuals in Scotland face discrimination?
1 in 3.
94
What is the poverty rate for children from minority ethnic groups in 2023?
48%.
95
What percentage of minority ethnic women experienced bias at work according to the Equalities and Human Rights Committee (Scotland)?
72%.
96
How does the poverty rate for households headed by someone of Bangladeshi ethnicity compare to the Scottish average?
Nearly half are in poverty, much higher than the average.
97
What is the disparity between the increase in unemployment benefits and inflation indicative of?
Exacerbation of poverty.
