WBCs

Question 1

phagocytes

Answer 1

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
monocytes

Question 2

immunocytes

Answer 2

lymphocytes

plasma cells

Question 3

neutrophils = ____% of WBCs

Answer 3

> 50%

Question 4

neutrophil lifespan

Answer 4

6-10 hours

Question 5

WBC bands

Answer 5

• immature WBC

- bacterial infection

Question 6

eosinophil function

Answer 6

-phagocytosis
-worms, wheezes, diseases
(parasites, allergies, TB, sarcoidosis, Addison’s, Hodgkin’s)

Question 7

basophil function

Answer 7

-histamine release –> inflammation

Question 8

monocytes function

Answer 8

• phagocytosis
• antigen presentation to T cells
• secrete cytokines

Question 9

monocyte lifespan

Answer 9

• marrow: brief
• circulation: 20-40 hours
• tissue: months-years (macrophage)

Question 10

causes of an increased monocyte count

Answer 10

• chronic infection (TB)
• chronic inflammation (sarcoid)
• chronic neutropenia
• recovery from neutropenia
• preleukemia
• myeloproliferative syndrome

Question 11

causes of decreased monocyte count

Answer 11

• bone marrow failure
• corticosteroids
• myelosuppressive drugs

Question 12

toxic granulation (dark azurophilic granules –>

Answer 12

infection or G-CSF

Question 13

Dohle bodies

Answer 13

• cytoplasmic inclusions
• ribosome rich ER (SEPSIS)

G-CSF use

Question 14

Pelger-Huet anomaly

Answer 14

• bilobed nucleus
• benign, hereditary
• myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 15

clinical uses of G-CSF, GM-CSF

Answer 15

to stimulate production of cells:

• post chemo
• myelodysplasia
• severe infections
• peripheral blood stem cell transplants
• severe neutropenia

Question 16

granulopoiesis growth factors

Answer 16

IL-1, IL-3, IL-5 (eos), IL-6, IL-11

GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF

all released from stromal cells and T lymphocytes

Question 17

opsonization is mediated by

Answer 17

IgG

C3b

Question 18

oxygen independent neutralization

Answer 18

phagosome-lysosome fusion/acidification

hydrolytic and proteolytic enzymes

Question 19

oxygen dependent neutralization

Answer 19

respiratory burst

Question 20

myeloperoxidase deficiency

Answer 20

• partial deficiency

- respiratory burst affected

Question 21

leukocyte adhesion defect

Answer 21

• AR (rare)
• B2 integrin and selectin ligand cannot adhere to endothelial surfaces
• cannot phagocytose C3 covered bacteria
• delayed loss of umbilical chord
• leukocytosis

Question 22

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

Answer 22

• AR
• failure of phagolysosome formation
• neutropenia
• recurrent skin and systemic infections

Question 23

Job’s syndrome (Hyperimmunoglobin E, Recurrent Infection Sydrome)

Answer 23

• AD (rare)
• mutation in STAT3 gene
• defect in CHEMOTAXIS
• elevated IgE, eczema, recurrent skin/sinopulmonary infections

Question 24

chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)

Answer 24

• x linked recessive
• mutation in gene for NADPH oxidase enzyme
• defect in RESPIRATORY BURST COMPLEX
• severe infections, granulomas, abscesses, sepsis