anemias Flashcards
1
Q
iron deficiency anemia
A
-hypoproliferative micocytic anemia
DECREASED:
- ferritin
- serum Fe
- % saturation
- MCV
- MCH
INCREASED
-TIBC (total iron binding capacity of ferritin in serum)
large central pallor
2
Q
lead toxicity
A
- hypoproliferative, microcytic anemia
- inhibits heme synthesis
- inhibits RNA breakdown (basophilic stippling)
INCREASED
-serum Pb levels
DECREASED
-MCV
3
Q
anemia of chronic disease
A
- hypoproliferative, microcytic anemia
- chronic inflammation produces acute phase reactants
- Hepcidin sequesters iron in storage sites by inhibiting ferroportin
- MILD anemia
INCREASED
-ferritin
DECREASED
- serum Fe
- TIBC
- MCV
normal % saturation
4
Q
B12 deficiency
A
- hypoproliferative, macrocytic
- damage to ileum, lack of intrinsic factor
DECREASED
-serum B12
INCREASED
- serum homocysteine (thrombosis)
- methylmalonic acid
SMEAR
- ovoid RBCs
- hypersegmented WBCs
- dyssynchrony
5
Q
folate deficiency
A
- macrocytic, hypoproliferative
- alcoholic, Crohns, pregnancy, cancer, drugs, liver disease
- glossitis, neural tube defects
DECREASED
- RBC folate
- serum folate
INCREASED
-serum homocysteine (thrombosis)
6
Q
thalassemias
A
-hyperproliferative, microcytic
DECREASED
- Hgb, Hct (depending on severity
- MCV
INCREASED
-red cell count
NORMAL iron studies
SMEAR
- small, hypochromic RBCs
- basophilic stippling
- variable cell shape, red cell fragments, target cells
7
Q
hereditary spherocytosis
A
- hyperproliferative, normocytic, EXTRAvascular
- defect in vertical interactions between membrane
- abnormal osmotic fragility test
INCREASED
- reticulocyte count
- MCHC
SMEAR
- spherocytes
- Howell Jolly Bodies (nuclear material)
8
Q
hereditary eliptocytosis
A
- hyperproliferative, normocytic, EXTRAvascular
- defect in horixontal interactions between membranes
- milder hemolytic anemia
SMEAR
-eliptocytes
9
Q
sickle cell
A
-hyperproliferative, normocytic, extravascular
-autosomal recessive
-mutation of B chain
-polymerizes when deoxygenated
-dactylitis, pain crises
-
not finished
