Ways of Knowing Flashcards
All living organisms share:
Energy
Cells
(genetic) Information
Replication
Evolution
Cell Theory
Origin of life comes from pre-existing cells
Chromosome theory of inheritance
genetics pass down through generations
Traditional Ecologivcal Knowledge (TEK)
the knowledge by indigenous and local peoples over hundreds or thousands of years through direct contact with the environment
Axiology
what we value- kinds of things have value
Epistemology
stem of our knowledge; origin, roots
Ontology
nature of being, what it means to be who we are
Scientific Ecological Knowledge
small group of professionals who collect quantitative data from sites along short period of time
Two Objects of Explanation
- Developmental/Historical
- Single Form
Developmental/Historical Explanation
A sequence that results in a trait
(D/H) Ontogeny
description of the trail’s form at sequential life stages and mechanism that control devlopment
(D/H) Phylogeny
description of the history of the trait as reconstructed from its phenotype and genotype precursors
Single Form
the trait at one point in time
(SF) Mechanism
description of the trait’s anatomy, physiology, regulation to accomplist a funtion
(SF) Adaptive Significance
description of how variations in the trait have influenced fitness
Two Types of explanations
- Proximate
- Ultimate Evolutionary
Proximate Explanations
Explains how organisms work/behave by describing their mechanisms and their ontogeny
Ultimate/Evolutionary Explanations
explains how a species came to its current form/behavior, influenced by selection and evolution
Onotgeny/Development
how does an organism develop over a lifespan
Phylogeny/Evolutionary History
Where does it come from?
4 ways to answer a question
- Mechanism
- Ontogeny
- Adaptation
- Phylogeny
