Waynes Drug Test

Question 1

Activated charcoal

Answer 1

EZ char, adsorbent, 1g/kg given in an NG tube, used to treat stomach pain caused by gas or diarrhea, poisoning or drug overdose. Contraindicated in liver disease, kidney disease, and pregnancy. Side effects are constipation, vomiting, and darkening of stool

Question 2

Adenosine

Answer 2

Adenocard, antidysrhythmic, 6 mg rapid IV push, 12 mg rapid IV push, rapid bolus IV use only used for Wolff Parkinson White and wide complex tachycardia, contraindicated for 2nd or 3rd degree heart block with no pacemaker, side effects are dizziness, flushing, and headache

Question 3

Albuterol

Answer 3

Proventil, bronchodilator, .083% of 2.5 mg in 3 mL, inhaled orally, used for bronchial asthma, bronchospasms, and COPD, contraindicated in pulmonary edema and allergic to atropin. Side effect is increase in HR.

Question 4

Amiodarone

Answer 4

Cordarone, anti-dysrhythmic, used for cardiac arrest (300 mg, 450 max), pulse less vtach and vfib, stable vtach (150 mg over 10 min), IVP, contraindicated in asthma, liver disease, thyroid disorder. Side effects are damage to liver or lungs, seeing halos around lights, loss of coordination.

Question 5

Amyl nitrate

Answer 5

Vasodilator, 0.3 mL ampule crushed under nose and inhaled, indicated for cyanide poisoning and rapid relief of angina, contraindicated when taking Viagra or drinking alcohol or around an open flame. Side effects are flushing of face or neck, nausea and vomiting, fast pulse.

Question 6

Aspirin

Answer 6

Acetylsalicylic acid or ASA, NSAID (non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) or platelet inhibitor, 325 mg chewed up orally for relief of angina, decrease risk of MI or stroke, minor aches and pains. Contraindicated if allergic, hemophiliac, or taking anticoagulants. Side effects are heartburn, nausea, upset stomach.

Question 7

Atropine sulfate

Answer 7

Ophthalmic, parasympathetic blocker, 0.5 mg - 1 mg IV push up to 3 mg. 1 mg in 10 mL of fluid. Given subcutaneous, IM, IVP for bradycardia, antidote of inadvertent OD of cholinergic drugs, mushroom poisoning.

Question 8

Diazepam

Answer 8

Valium, benzodiazepine, 5-10 mg IVP indicated for seizures, alcohol withdrawal, or anxiety. Contraindicated for respiratory insufficiency, myasthenia gravis, sleep apnea. Side effects are shakiness and unsteady walk, problems with muscle control and coordination

Question 9

Diltiazem

Answer 9

Cardizem, calcium channel blocker, 0.25 mg/kg IVP over 2 min or oral tablets. Used for AFIB, hypertension, angina. Contraindicated in low BP, sick sinus syndrome, AV block, and pulmonary edema. Side effects are dizziness, weakness, headache, nausea.

Question 10

Diphenhydramine HCI

Answer 10

Benadryl, anti-histamine, 25-50 mg given IVP, IM, orally for allergic reactions or motion sickness. Contraindicated in neonates and nursing mothers. Side effects are CNS depressant, dystonia, and mental confusion.

Question 11

Fentanyl

Answer 11

Narcotic analgesic, 25-100 mcg, 100 mcg in 2 mL, slow IVP, indicated for severe pain, pulmonary edema, MI. contraindicated for shock, severe bronchial asthma, alcohol intoxication. Side effects are altered LOC and respiratory depression.

Question 12

Glucagon

Answer 12

Glucagen, hormone, 1 mg IM given for hypoglycemia and beta blocker OD. contraindicated in hypersensitivity. Side effects are nausea, vomiting, and fast heartbeat.

Question 13

Dopamine

Answer 13

Inotropin, sympathomimetic, 2-20 mcg/kg/min, cardiac dose is 2-10 mcg/kg/min by IV drip because of short half life. Used for bradycardia and cardiogenic shock. Contraindicated for hypovolemic shock. Side effects are ventricular dysrhythmias.

Question 14

EPI 1:10

Answer 14

Adrenalin chloride, sympathomimetic, 1 mg every 3-5 minutes, 1/2 life is 3-5 min, no limit to much you can give, 1 mg in 10 mL. Can be given IVP, IVD, IO, ET for any type of clinical death or cardiac arrest. Contraindicated for patients in nonanaphylactic shock and obstetrics when maternal blood pressure is in excess of 130/80. Side effects are anxiety, restlessness, and tremor.

Question 15

EPI 1:1

Answer 15

Adrenalin chloride, EPI-pen, sympathomimetic, 0.3-0.5 mg given every 10-15 min as needed subcutaneously, IV, IM, autoinjector for allergic reaction and bronchial asthma. Contraindicated for hypovolemic shock and HTN. Sides effects are headache, nausea, restlessness. (1mg in 1mL)

Question 16

Ipratropium bromide

Answer 16

Duoneb, atrovent, anticholinergic, 500 mcg nebulized inhaled for bronchial asthma, COPD, and bronchospasm. Contraindicated for pulmonary edema and allergic to atropin. Side effects are raises HR.

Question 17

Lidocaine

Answer 17

Xylocaine, class 1b anti arrhythmic drug/ sodium channel blocker, 1.0-1.5 mg per kg (100 mg in 5 mL) given IVP for vfib, pulsed stable vtach (1/2 dose), and pulse less vtach. Contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd degree heart blocks. Side effects are seizure activity, tinnitus, and twitching.

Question 18

Lorazepam

Answer 18

Ativan, benzodiazepine, 2-4 mg pre TCP/ 2 mg slow IV for seizures given IV, IM, or rectally. Given for anxiety and seizures. Contraindicated for hypersensitivity. Side effects are respiratory depression and hypotension.

Question 19

Magnesium sulfate

Answer 19

Electrolyte, 1-2 grams over 3 min for torsades, 2-4 grams over 3 min for eclampsia. IVD. Contraindicated in heart blocks. Side effects are confusion, dizziness, low BP.

Question 20

Midazolam

Answer 20

Versed, benzodiazepine, 2-4 mg up to 10 mg IVP, used for seizures and prior to cardioversion. Contraindicated in shock, side effects are drowsiness, hypotension, and amnesia.

Question 21

Naloxone hydrochloride

Answer 21

Narcan 1mg in 1 mL, narcotic antagonist given for opiate overdose either IVP, IM, or intranasally. 0.4-2mg up to 10 mg. no contraindications, side effects are nausea.

Question 22

Morphine sulfate

Answer 22

Narcotic analgesic, 1-2 mg every 6-10 min given slow IVP for severe pain, pulmonary edema, MI. contraindicated in shock. Side effects are altered LOC and respiratory depression.

Question 23

Nitroglycerin

Answer 23

Nitrostat, vasodilator, 0.4 mg x 3 of tabs, spray, or paste given sublingually. Given for relief of angina and CHF. Contraindicated when pt. Is taking medications that lower BP or erectile dysfunction medications. Side effects are headaches, lower BP, nausea.

Question 24

Nitrous oxide

Answer 24

Nitronax, analgesic, 50/50% oxygen to nitrous oxide. Patient inhales mask until they drop their arm. Given to induce amnesia, relaxation, and reduce anxiety. Contraindicated in COPD, severe emphysema, increased cranial pressure, and pregnancy. Side effects are blurred vision, confusion, and diaphoresis.

Question 25

Oxytocin

Answer 25

Pitocin, hormone, 3-10 units postpartum, 10-20 units in 500 mL D5W given deep IM for heavy bleeding after pregnancy and contracting uterine wall. No contraindications. Side effects are anaphylaxis, nausea, vomiting. Must make sure placenta has been delivered and there are no other fetus’s before delivering.

Question 26

Promethazine

Answer 26

Phenergan, anti-emetic, 12.5-25 mg given IV, IM, or orally for nausea and vomiting. No contraindications. Side effects are drowsiness, blurred vision, and nausea and vomiting.

Question 27

Thiamin

Answer 27

Vitamin, 50-100 mg IV,IM given for unknown coma and alcohol withdrawal. Contraindicated for hypersensitivity. Side effects are feeling of warmth, urticaria, weakness, and nausea.

Question 28

Calcium glucanate

Answer 28

Cal-g, electrolyte, 5-8 mL of 10% over 10 min in largest vein accessible by IV. Used for calcium channel blocker OD, hypocalcemia, and hypothyroidism. Contraindicated in vfib and Hypercalcemia. Side effects are nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite.

Question 29

D50/25/10

Answer 29

D50, simple sure/Antihypoglycemic, 25 grams for hypoglycemia IV. Contraindicated in hyperglycemia. Side effects are tissue necrosis at injection site. To make D25 you discard 25 mL of your D50 then draw 25 mL of sterile water or normal saline into the syringe. For D10, discard 40 and draw up 40

Question 30

Lactated ringers

Answer 30

Sodium chloride, contraindicated in severe metabolic acidosis or alkalosis,

Question 31

Tranexamic acid

Answer 31

TXA, antifibrinolytic, 1 gram in 100 mL over over 10 min IV drip used for severe hemorrhage. Contraindicated in pregnancy and head trauma. Side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mild itching or rash, feeling unusually happy