9/22 Class Notes-respiratory Flashcards
What does left side heart failure present with?
Pulmonary edema
What does right sided heart failure present with?
Peripheral edema
What is the role of surfactant?
Reduces alveoli surface tension
What do rales/crackles indicate?
Water in smaller airways
What is the Bohr effect?
An area with low Ph, or increased temperature will cause O2 to fall off the receptor sites of hemoglobin
What are the aortic arch and carotids responsible for when it comes to chemical control of ventilation?
Monitor O2 levels
What are the chemoreceptors in the medulla responsible for?
Monitor ph and are controlled by fluctuations in it as well
What occurs when air becomes trapped between the visceral and parietal plura?
Pneumothorax
What occurs when fluid becomes trapped between the visceral and parietal pluera?
Plural effusion
What is surfactant produced by?
Type 2 alveoli cells
What is lung capacity?
6 liters of air
What is the breakdown of tidal volume?
500 ml/ 350 to alveoli, 150 to dead air space
What is minute volume?
6 liters
How does cyanide poisoning kill?
Through cellular hypoxia, interferes with krebs cycles
What is digitalis taken for?
A-fib
Why do asthma patients get sleepy?
Because they are becoming hypercarbic
In an asthma attack, when should you give Epi?
When no ventilation is occurring, confirm with lung sounds
In an asthma attack, when should you give duoneb?
Only after ventilation is occurring. No ventilation? Give Epi
What do bronchospasms appear as on end tidal co2?
Shark fins
If an asthma patient presents with restlessness, what is the underlying issue?
They are hypoxic
What is the treatment and cause for severe angioedema?
Benadryl (25-50 mg). Can be caused by adverse reaction to taking lesinopril
What is the most serious issue of aspiration?
Will lead to ARDS
What does mallampati stand for?
Indicates the difficulty of intubation of an airway. Class 1 is best option and class 4 is nearly impossible
What is a potential issue with using the king airway?
Can decrease blood pressure to the brain due to pressure on the carotid
What is asthma?
A chronic, triggered reactive lower airway disorder
What is extrinsic asthma?
Usually occurs in kids and is linked to a specific antigen. Exposure to antigen causes IgE production and MAST cell de granulation
What is intrinsic asthma?
Asthma that primarily occurs in older patients after a severe respiratory tract infection
