Watkins - Chapter 9 - Enteral Medications and Administration

Question 1

Type of medications that involve the GI tract such as capsules, enemas, suppositories and many others.

Answer 1

Enteral Medication

Question 2

Can insulin be given by mouth? Why?

Answer 2

No, because stomach acid destroys it.

Question 3

What is the name of the pair of devices used to crush pills?

Answer 3

pestle and mortar

Question 4

What type of drugs are you not allowed to crush?

Answer 4

enteric-coated pills; they need to be released in the intestines. If the coating is destroyed the medicine will not make it past the stomach.

Question 5

_____ tablets have added antacids to prevent stomach irritation.

Answer 5

Buffered

Question 6

Why can’t you open or crush time released or delayed action pills?

Answer 6

Doing so can release all the drug at once, causing an overdose.

Question 7

When administering solid medication, what are the first few things you should do to ensure 7 rights?

Answer 7

1. Read order
2. Check container for match to order
3. Double check container
4. RIght dosage?
5. Right patient?
6. Check a third time to ensure you have the right med.

Question 8

After administering medication, what do you do?

Answer 8

1. Watch for negative response

2. Document date, time, dosage, med, RESPONSE (ie no problem noted)

Question 9

Why do elixirs (containing alcohol) need to remain tightly capped?

Answer 9

To prevent evaporation of the alcohol, because this would change the concentration of the medication in the elixir, and dosing errors could occur.

Question 10

Elixirs should never be given to ______, ______ or _____.

Answer 10

children, alcoholics, diabetics

Question 11

_______ is a liquid drug preparation that contains oils and fats in water.

Answer 11

Emulsions

Question 12

_____ are liquid and fine particles in water such as Milk of magnesia.

Answer 12

magma

Question 13

_____ are finely ground forms of an active drug, sometimes given for pain relief.

Answer 13

Powders

Question 14

What is the difference between a liquid medication as a solution versus a suspension?

Answer 14

solution is completely distributed into the liquid and will not separate; no need to shake. The first mL should be identical to the last mL. As for suspensions, the medication is suspended in the liquid and may separate and MUST be shaken.

Question 15

Why are kids at risk of overdosing on medications such as Robitussin?

Answer 15

They are syrups that taste sweet. Children may enjoy the taste and drink too much. Keep out of reach!!!

Question 16

When should you avoid giving a patient water to rinse down oral liquid medication?

Answer 16

When it is meant to coat the throat.

Question 17

If you pour too much liquid med, what do you do with the excess?

Answer 17

Dispose of it. DO NOT PUT BACK INTO STOCK!!!

Question 18

To check liquid medication dosage, the ______ medicine cup should be at ____ ______. View the _____ to ensure proper amount has been poured.

Answer 18

calibrated; eye level; meniscus.

Question 19

You can check NG tube placemnt for slippage by?

Answer 19

Injecting air and listening through stethoscope…or, drawing back on a syringe to see if fluid comes back.

Question 20

What is NSS?

Answer 20

Normal Saline Solution

Question 21

When administering medicine through an NG tube, the medication must be _____ and _____ with _____. Be sure to flush tube with _____ before and after medication administration.

Answer 21

crushed and mixed in water.

NSS

Question 22

Why and how would you use a needleless syringe to administer liquid med?

Answer 22

When a person such as a small child has a hard time swallowing. You can insert it into the buccal pouch aka the cheek.

Question 23

T or F: sublingual means on the tongue.

Answer 23

False…sub means below… sublingual means below the tongue.

Question 24

Why is sublingual medicine, such as nitroglycerin - - given during heart attack, so beneficial?

Answer 24

There are many capillaries under the tongue, providing a rich blood supply for quick absorption.

Question 25

Is IV or Sublingual faster?

Answer 25

IV. But sublingual also bypasses the stomach.

Question 26

When giving rectal medication, have the patient remove undergarments and then lie down on to a their ____ side. Before inserting the enema or suppository, apply a ____-based _____. Ask the patient to lie still for _____ minutes.

Answer 26

Left. (Place chux under them… absorbent/waterproof pad)

water based lubricant

30 minutes

Question 27

T or F: The most common route used by patients is sublingual.

Answer 27

False. Orally.

Question 28

What is a troche?

Answer 28

lozenge; used in buccal and allowed to melt.

Question 29

A common way that individual medication doses are packed together is called a _____ _____.

Answer 29

Blister pack