Watkins Books: Chapter 3 - Patient Safety in Med Administration

Question 1

What are the severn rights of medication administration? Hint PDDTRTD …Right _____ .

Answer 1

Right Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Technique, Documentation.

PRTTDDD

Question 2

How can you ensure you have the right patient?

Answer 2

Ask the patient for his or her name and birthdate. Double check ID bracelet.

Question 3

How can you double check that you have the correct drug?

Answer 3

CHECK LABEL!!!!

1. Check before taking from shelf.
2. Check before pouring the drug out.
3. Check before putting bottle back on shelf.

Question 4

If you suspect that a doctor prescribe an incorrect dose, what do you do?

Answer 4

Double check before administering.

Question 5

Does the condition of the liver matter in dosing?

Answer 5

Yes, if the liver does not function properly, a toxic amount of medication could build up.

Question 6

T or F: Drug administration takes place in the hospital at times the patient chooses?

Answer 6

False. Drugs such as antibiotics have regular intervals at which drugs must be given to be effective.

Question 7

Can you rely on the pharmacy to send the correct form of a medication or must you alert them as to your patient needs.

Answer 7

We must alert. Where the medication will be given depends on the patient and his/her condition. If they cannot swallow, we may need an IV or GI version.

Question 8

If you are unsure of where or how to administer a medication, what can you do?

Answer 8

Access written procedure manuals available in the workplace.

Question 9

When you are documenting (charting), what info must be included about drugs you administered?

Answer 9

Drug,Dosr,Route, lot#, expiration date.

Question 10

What are some important physical factors to consider before administering drugs?

Answer 10

Age, weight, nutrition, gender, culture, environment, pregnancy and organ function.

Question 11

Where can I find a list of commonly confused drug names?

Answer 11

http://www.ismp.org/tools/confuseddrugnames.pdf

Question 12

What do abbreviations tell us?

Answer 12

When a med may be taken, how often it can be take, where it should be administered.

Question 13

The sinister hand is the left, with which many countries use for “dirty” deeds such as toileting. Remeber S is for left. So what is D?

Answer 13

Dextrous - Right

Question 14

If someone writes a.s., what location on the body are they referring to? Hint: The letter “a” looks like an ear.

Answer 14

Left Ear

a = ear s = sinister left

Question 15

The abbreviation “U” means what?

Answer 15

“Both”

Remeber: U for union…

Question 16

What does “bid” abbreviation mean?

Answer 16

bid = bi daily = twice daily

Question 17

What does the abbreviation o.d. mean?

Answer 17

right eye

Remeber: “o” looks like an eye

Question 18

NPO?

Answer 18

nothing per oral

Question 19

IV

Answer 19

intravenously

Question 20

IM

Answer 20

intramuscularly

Question 21

ID

Answer 21

intradermally

Def:

1. within the dermis.
2. intracutaneous.

Question 22

What does the abbreviation of “C” w /line over the top of it mean?

Answer 22

with (c with a line)

Question 23

qid?

Answer 23

4x a day

quattro times a day (cuatro - espanol)

Question 24

s with a line

Answer 24

without

Question 25

SC

Answer 25

subcutaneously (into fat)

Question 26

tid

Answer 26

three times perday

Question 27

If a diabetic patient is NPO, should you administer insulin?

Answer 27

no, there is no food to interact with.

Question 28

“Avoid using some abbrev…. they may be mistaken.” See pg. 29

Answer 28

page 29

Question 29

Where can I find a sample med schedule for patients to use at home?

Answer 29

page 30

Question 30

Why is nutrition an important factor when administering medication?

Answer 30

Some nutrients may be needed for absorption of med. Some nutrients may block absorption.

Question 31

Although there are normal doses for some medications, may that does change if the patient is an amputee or obese?

Answer 31

Yes.

Question 32

How does age effect medication administration?

Answer 32

Geriatric patients (over 55) may have decreased muscle mass and function of organs.

Examples: Liver - decrease in metabolism / Kidney - decrease in filtration

Question 33

What is the issue with polypharmacy?

Answer 33

Taking several meds for more than one problem increases risk of side effects and interactions.

Question 34

What do you need to do if you think a child may be having an adverse reaction to a medication you administered?

Answer 34

Fill out a MedWatch form.

Question 35

Why does gender matter in drug administration?

Answer 35

Men have more muscle to fat compared to women. Medication is absorbed and distributed more quickly in men.

Question 36

_____ drug causes deformities when it crosses the placenta

Answer 36

Teratogenic

Question 37

Which organs are most affected by SYSTEMIC drug accumulation?

Answer 37

Kidneys, liver, heart

Question 38

Liver produces ____ ______. A decrease in these levels, can alter the capacity of a drug to bond.

Answer 38

serum protein

Question 39

Why is it important to educate patients in their own language?

Answer 39

Misunderstanding can lead to injury, overdose, or subtherapeutic treatment (not producing a therapeutic effect).

You must tell them the risks of taking too much.

Question 40

Patients can refuse medication. What can you do to help them feel better about taking it? (patient consent p.35)

Answer 40

Educate them on what it is for, how to take it, etc. If they still refuse, let them know risks of not taking the treatment. Do not force them . Technically forcing med on someone is considered assault and battery. It is there choice. Inform the dr and chart that they refused treatment.

Question 41

What does HIPAA stand for?

Answer 41

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Question 42

______ allows patient control over their medical record include access and how it is shared with other.

Answer 42

HIPAA

Question 43

If, after being notified that your patient has ingested a toxic substance, you activated the emergency response system and were connected to poison control, what may you be asked to do? (Hint: Steps to treating the patient)

Answer 43

1. Administer charcoal (binds with poison); usually after stomach pumping (lavage)
2. Have patient drink large amount of water to dilute poison
3. Have patient drink milk to reduce acidity.
4. Monitor patient for symptoms: HR, Resp Rate, Seizures, etc.)

Question 44

What is the name of the syrup that induces vomiting? Why is it no longer suggested?

Answer 44

Ipecac. Not effective and can cause complications.

Question 45

Before administering medication (including emergencies), what should you ask the patient?

Answer 45

Are you allergic to any medications?

Question 46

_____ is the term for hives and is caused by an allergic reaction.

Answer 46

urticaria (URT - IH - CARE - EE - UH)

Question 47

Why is important to observe a patient for 15 minutes following an injection antibiotic or allergy shot?

Answer 47

To watch for allergic reaction. Document this in your charts!

Question 48

If a patient has swelling in the neck, difficulty breathing, itching, wheezing, anxiety and light-headedness, they may experiencing __________.

Answer 48

Anaphylaxis - a sever allergic reaction