Watkins Books: Chapter 3 - Patient Safety in Med Administration Flashcards
What are the severn rights of medication administration? Hint PDDTRTD …Right _____ .
Right Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Technique, Documentation.
PRTTDDD
How can you ensure you have the right patient?
Ask the patient for his or her name and birthdate. Double check ID bracelet.
How can you double check that you have the correct drug?
CHECK LABEL!!!!
- Check before taking from shelf.
- Check before pouring the drug out.
- Check before putting bottle back on shelf.
If you suspect that a doctor prescribe an incorrect dose, what do you do?
Double check before administering.
Does the condition of the liver matter in dosing?
Yes, if the liver does not function properly, a toxic amount of medication could build up.
T or F: Drug administration takes place in the hospital at times the patient chooses?
False. Drugs such as antibiotics have regular intervals at which drugs must be given to be effective.
Can you rely on the pharmacy to send the correct form of a medication or must you alert them as to your patient needs.
We must alert. Where the medication will be given depends on the patient and his/her condition. If they cannot swallow, we may need an IV or GI version.
If you are unsure of where or how to administer a medication, what can you do?
Access written procedure manuals available in the workplace.
When you are documenting (charting), what info must be included about drugs you administered?
Drug,Dosr,Route, lot#, expiration date.
What are some important physical factors to consider before administering drugs?
Age, weight, nutrition, gender, culture, environment, pregnancy and organ function.
Where can I find a list of commonly confused drug names?
http://www.ismp.org/tools/confuseddrugnames.pdf
What do abbreviations tell us?
When a med may be taken, how often it can be take, where it should be administered.
The sinister hand is the left, with which many countries use for “dirty” deeds such as toileting. Remeber S is for left. So what is D?
Dextrous - Right
If someone writes a.s., what location on the body are they referring to? Hint: The letter “a” looks like an ear.
Left Ear
a = ear s = sinister left
The abbreviation “U” means what?
“Both”
Remeber: U for union…
What does “bid” abbreviation mean?
bid = bi daily = twice daily
What does the abbreviation o.d. mean?
right eye
Remeber: “o” looks like an eye
NPO?
nothing per oral
IV
intravenously
IM
intramuscularly
ID
intradermally
Def:
- within the dermis.
- intracutaneous.
What does the abbreviation of “C” w /line over the top of it mean?
with (c with a line)
qid?
4x a day
quattro times a day (cuatro - espanol)
s with a line
without
SC
subcutaneously (into fat)
tid
three times perday
If a diabetic patient is NPO, should you administer insulin?
no, there is no food to interact with.
“Avoid using some abbrev…. they may be mistaken.” See pg. 29
page 29
Where can I find a sample med schedule for patients to use at home?
page 30
Why is nutrition an important factor when administering medication?
Some nutrients may be needed for absorption of med. Some nutrients may block absorption.
Although there are normal doses for some medications, may that does change if the patient is an amputee or obese?
Yes.
How does age effect medication administration?
Geriatric patients (over 55) may have decreased muscle mass and function of organs.
Examples: Liver - decrease in metabolism / Kidney - decrease in filtration
What is the issue with polypharmacy?
Taking several meds for more than one problem increases risk of side effects and interactions.
What do you need to do if you think a child may be having an adverse reaction to a medication you administered?
Fill out a MedWatch form.
Why does gender matter in drug administration?
Men have more muscle to fat compared to women. Medication is absorbed and distributed more quickly in men.
_____ drug causes deformities when it crosses the placenta
Teratogenic
Which organs are most affected by SYSTEMIC drug accumulation?
Kidneys, liver, heart
Liver produces ____ ______. A decrease in these levels, can alter the capacity of a drug to bond.
serum protein
Why is it important to educate patients in their own language?
Misunderstanding can lead to injury, overdose, or subtherapeutic treatment (not producing a therapeutic effect).
You must tell them the risks of taking too much.
Patients can refuse medication. What can you do to help them feel better about taking it? (patient consent p.35)
Educate them on what it is for, how to take it, etc. If they still refuse, let them know risks of not taking the treatment. Do not force them . Technically forcing med on someone is considered assault and battery. It is there choice. Inform the dr and chart that they refused treatment.
What does HIPAA stand for?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
______ allows patient control over their medical record include access and how it is shared with other.
HIPAA
If, after being notified that your patient has ingested a toxic substance, you activated the emergency response system and were connected to poison control, what may you be asked to do? (Hint: Steps to treating the patient)
- Administer charcoal (binds with poison); usually after stomach pumping (lavage)
- Have patient drink large amount of water to dilute poison
- Have patient drink milk to reduce acidity.
- Monitor patient for symptoms: HR, Resp Rate, Seizures, etc.)
What is the name of the syrup that induces vomiting? Why is it no longer suggested?
Ipecac. Not effective and can cause complications.
Before administering medication (including emergencies), what should you ask the patient?
Are you allergic to any medications?
_____ is the term for hives and is caused by an allergic reaction.
urticaria (URT - IH - CARE - EE - UH)
Why is important to observe a patient for 15 minutes following an injection antibiotic or allergy shot?
To watch for allergic reaction. Document this in your charts!
If a patient has swelling in the neck, difficulty breathing, itching, wheezing, anxiety and light-headedness, they may experiencing __________.
Anaphylaxis - a sever allergic reaction
