water- water transfer scheme and sustainable water transfer scheme

Question 1

An example of a local scheme in a LIC or NEE to increase the sustainable supply of water POSITIVE IMPACTS

Answer 1

Half the funding came from Water Aid
• On time and within cost
• Reliable supply for 65, 000 people who are supplied
with 25 litres of water per day
• Managed by the local community
• Small charge used to maintain the infrastructure
• Cattle fattening has developed as a business
• Less time spent collecting water

Question 2

Example of a large scale water transfer scheme

Answer 2

South North Water Transfer Project, China (SNWTP). Beijing and Tianjin have 200 million people as well as farms and industry.
Scheme to move 12 trillion gallons of water per year more than 1000 km on 3 routes from the Yangtze to Yellow
River basin. Cost US$ 62 billion.

Question 3

An example of a local scheme in a LIC or NEE to increase the sustainable supply of water

Answer 3

Hitosa in Ethiopia (160km south of Addis Adaba).
1990s - gravity fed system of pipes takes water from permanent springs high on the slopes of Mount Bada. Water flows 140
km through pipelines to more than 100 public water points (tap stands) and 150 private connections.

Question 4

An example of a local scheme in a LIC or NEE to increase the sustainable supply of water NEGATIVE IMPACTS

Answer 4

Pipeline needs replacing after 30 years - how will the
cost be met?
• No education on hygiene and sanitation
• Hygiene around taps has been neglected so there has
been an increased risk of disease
• Encouraged migration to the area threatening the
sustainability of the scheme

Question 5

Example of a large scale water transfer scheme to show how it’s development has disadvantages

Answer 5

Displaced 350,000 people
• Loss of productive farmland in south

• Low quality water – US£2 billion spent
• Impacts of ecosystems
• Loss of antiquities
• Water expensive in urban areas
• Water export may leave south dry and a lot
evaporates from the canals
• Huge costs

Question 6

Example of a large scale water transfer scheme to show how it’s development has advantages

Answer 6

• Reliable supply in the North for 500 million people
• 45 billion m3 of water diverted
• Increased availability of safe drinking water
• Water for industrial growth and irrigation