urban sustainability

Question 1

• environmental planning in Freiburg

Answer 1

waste recycling is a key feature of sustainable urban living. Freiburg has reduced landfills by

reducing annual waste disposal from 140,000 to 50,000 tonnes in 12 years. 

provided energy for 28,000 homes from burning non-recyclable waste 

building a biogas digester for organic food 

recycling more than 88% of packing waste

Question 2

• social planning in frieburg

Answer 2

in frieburg local people are involved in urban planning at both local and city level

local people can incest in renewable energy resources 

financial rewards are given to people who compost their green waste and use textile nappies

Question 3

• economic planning in frieburg

Answer 3

Freiburg is a city where people come to attend conferences on sustainability, and this provides jobs for local people

more than 10,000 people are employed in 1500 environmental businesses in the city 

the solar training center provides training in the new skills needed for the new solar technology 

the institute for solar energy systems have developed new systems for solar cooling and air conditioning

Question 4

• water are the three features of sustainable living

Answer 4

water conservation

energy conservation 

creating green spaces

Question 5

• water conservation

Answer 5

freiburgs waste water system allows rainwater to be retained, reused or to seep back into the ground. water conservation involves

collecting rainwaterfor use indoors 

green roofs

unpaved tramways 

previous pavements that allow rainwater to soak through

Question 6

• energy conservation

Answer 6

Freiburg is one of the sunniest cities in Germany so solar power is an important form of renewable energy. there are about 400 solar pannel installations in the city

the largest proportion of Freiburg renewable electricity comes from biomass using waste wood and rapeseed oil. 

biogas is produced from organic waste. this produces enough energy to heat Freiburg three swimming pools

Question 7

• creating green spaces

Answer 7

40% of the city is foressted

44,000 trees hace been planted in parks and streets

in risefeld district only 78 hectares are built on, leaving 240 hectares of open space

the river dreisam is not managed- it provudes natural habitats for floea and fauna

only naitive trees and shrubs are planted in the 600 hectares of park

Question 8

• reducing traffic congestion (Freiburg)

Answer 8

restrictions on car parking spaces; in Vauban district, each one costs 20,000

400 km cycle paths 

the tram network is connected to bus routes 

low fares allow unlimited travel

70% of the population live within 500m of a tram shop

Question 9

• reducing traffic congestion (Singapore)

Answer 9

restricted entry to the city center during rush hours

high petrol prices 

an overhead railway system and efficient bu network 

electronic road pricing on major roads 

these measures have resulted in 

45% less traffic and 25% fewer accidents in the city center 

two-thirds of all daily journeys are now by public transport

Question 10

• reducing traffic congestion (Beijing)

Answer 10

cars are banned from the city one day a week, based on a number plate system

only 20% OF PEOPLE WHO APPLY TO OWN A VEHICLE ARE ALLOWED TO DO SO 

congestion charge and pollution tax introduced 

hurty new metro lines and a rapid bus transmit system to be built by 2020

the restriction in Beijing have led to a 20% drop in car use but building roads has also increased car use at the expense of cycling