Water Soluble Vitamins (B-complex)

Question 1

Sources for B vitamins almost always include _____ ____ _______ and unprocessed or enriched _____

Answer 1

green leafy vegetables

grains

Question 2

Thiamin (B1)

Answer 2

• coenzyme in energy metabolism
• promotes appetite
• assists with muscle actions through its role in nerve functioning

Question 3

Deficiency of Thiamin (B1)

Answer 3

• Beriberi (ataxia, confusion, anorexia, tachycardia)
• headache
• weight loss
• fatigue

Question 4

Food sources of Thiamin (B1)

Answer 4

• Meats
• Grains
• Legumes

Question 5

Riboflavin (B2)

Answer 5

works as a coenzyme to release energy from cells

Question 6

Deficiency of Riboflavin (B2)

Answer 6

• Cheilosis (manifestations include scales and cracks on lips and in corners of the mouth)
• Smooth/swollen red tongue (glossitis)
• Dermatitis of ears, nose, mouth

Question 7

Dietary sources of Riboflavin (B2)

Answer 7

Milk
Meats
Dark Leafy Vegetables

Question 8

Niacin (B3)

Answer 8

Aids in metabolism of:

• fats
• glucose
• alcohol

Question 9

Deficiency of Niacin (B3)

Answer 9

Causes PELLAGRA (sun-sensitive skin lesions, G.I and neurological findings)

Question 10

Dietary sources of Niacin (B3)

Answer 10

• Meats
• Legumes
• Milk
• Whole grain and enriched breads and cereals

Question 11

Pantothenic acid (B5)

Answer 11

involved in metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins as part of COENZYME A

Question 12

Deficiency of Pantothenic Acid (B5)

Answer 12

Extremely rare, but results in generalized body system failure

Question 13

Dietary sources of Pantothenic Acid (B5)

Answer 13

• Meats
• Whole grain cereals
• dried peas and beans

Question 14

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

Answer 14

For cellular function and synthesis of hemoglobin, neurotransmitters, and niacin

Question 15

Deficiency of Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

Answer 15

Macrocytic anemia and CNS disturbances

High intake of supplements can cause sensory neuropathy

Question 16

Dietary food sources of Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

Answer 16

Meats
Grains
Legumes

Question 17

Biotin (B7)

Answer 17

Coenzyme used in fatty acids synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and the formation of glucose

Question 18

Deficiency of Biotin (B7)

Answer 18

Rare but results in neurological findings (depression, fatigue), hair loss, and scaly red rash

Question 19

Dietary sources of Biotin (B7)

Answer 19

Eggs
Milk
Dark Green Vegetables

Question 20

Folate (B9)

Answer 20

Required for hemoglobin and amino acid synthesis, new cell synthesis, and prevention of neural tube defects in utero (folic acid is the synthetic form)

Question 21

Deficiency of Folate (B9)

Answer 21

Megaloblastic anemia
CNS disturbances
Fetal neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly)

Question 22

Dietary sources of Folate (B9)

Answer 22

Liver
Dark green leafy vegetables
Orange juice
Legumes

Question 23

Cobalamin (B12)

Answer 23

For folate activation and red blood cell maturation

Question 24

Deficiency of Cobalamin (B12)

Answer 24

Pernicious anemia (seen mostly in strict vegans and those with the absence of intrinsic factor)

Question 25

Dietary Sources of Cobalamin (B12)

Answer 25

Meat
Shellfish
Eggs
Dairy products