Lipids Flashcards
Fats are divided into 3 categories
- Triglycerides
- Phospholipids
- Sterols
Triglycerides total __ of fat in food. They combine with glycerol to supply energy to the body, allow fat soluble vitamin transport, and form adipose tissue that protects internal organs
98%
________ ____ ____ are solid at room temperature, and are found primarily in animal sources
Saturated Fatty acids
________ _____ ____, including monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, are usually from plant sources and help reduce health risks.
Unsaturated fatty acids
Sources of monounsaturated fatty acids include:
Olives Canola oil Avocado Peanuts Other nuts..
Sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids include:
corn wheat germ soybean safflower sunflower fish
_______ ____ ___, made from broken down fats, must be supplied by the diet.
Essential Fatty acids
Essential fatty acids, including ____-_ and ____-_, are used to support blood clotting, blood pressure, inflammatory responses, and many other metabolic processes
Omega-3
Omega-6
_________ are important to cell membrane structure, as well as the transport of fat-soluble substances across the cell membrane
Phospholipids (e.g. lecithin)
______ are found in the tissues of animals, and are NOT an ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT because the liver is able to produce enough to meet needs
Sterols (e.g. cholesterol)
*If cholesterol is consumed in excess, it can build up in the tissues, causing congestion and increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease
The AMDR for fats is approximately __ to __ of total calories
20% - 35%
*10% or less of total calories should come from saturated fat sources
Cholesterol should be limited to ___ to ___ mg/day
200 to 300 mg/day
A diet with less than 10% of fat cannot supply adequate amounts of essential fatty acids and result in a ________ ______
cachectic (wasting) state
The majority of lipid metabolism occurs after fat reaches the small intestine, where the _________ secretes concentrated bile and acts as an emulsifier to break fat into smaller particles. At the same time, the pancreas secretes _______ ______, which breaks down the fat
Gallbladder
Pancreatic lipase
Carry triglycerides to the cells
Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
