Water Soluble Vitamins

Question 1

The only water-soluble vitamin that can be toxic is _____.

Answer 1

B6

Question 2

True or false: high levels of water-soluble vitamins do not affect tissue levels.

Answer 2

Most of the time, no –but chronic high intake can raise tissue levels

Question 3

Riboflavin is also known as _____.

Answer 3

B2

Question 4

B1, B2, and B3 are all involved in the ______.

Answer 4

TCA cycle

Question 5

Thiamin is found in which foods?

Answer 5

Legumes, rice bran, and grains

Question 6

Riboflavin is found in ______________.

Answer 6

dairy, eggs, and meats

Question 7

Niacin is found in _______________.

Answer 7

meat, poultry, and corn (if the corn is treated with alkaline)

Question 8

Thiamin deficiency is also called _______.

Answer 8

beriberi

Question 9

Thiamin deficiency can present in what three ways?

Answer 9

• Dry: peripheral neuropathy, muscle tenderness, and foot drop
• Wet: edema, CHF
• Wernicke-Korsakoff: ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, confabulation, memory loss

Question 10

What groups of people are at risk for thiamin deficiency?

Answer 10

Alcoholics
People receiving TPN without B1
Anorexics
SE Asians (eating polished rice)

Question 11

What is angular stomatitis and in what micronutrient deficiency does it present?

Answer 11

It is dry, cracked lips (at the commissure) and it presents in riboflavin deficiency.

Question 12

Pellagra presents in B3 deficiency. What are the four “D” symptoms?

Answer 12

Diarrhea
Dementia
Dermatitis
Death

Question 13

The ______________ in pellagra is usually symmetric.

Answer 13

dermatitis

Question 14

Sun-sensitivity is a finding of ______________.

Answer 14

niacin deficiency

Question 15

Dermatitis with ______________ presents with niacin deficiency.

Answer 15

hypopigmentation

Question 16

Folic acid is crucial in ____________ transfers.

Answer 16

single-carbon (such as methylation and nucleic-acid synthesis)

Question 17

Folic acid comes from ______________.

Answer 17

FOLIage (duh!), orange juice, and whole grains

Question 18

Folate deficiency is common in ______________.

Answer 18

alcoholics, pregnant women, and the elderly

Question 19

A normal level of segments in the nuclei of a neutrophil is ______________.

Answer 19

5 - 6

Question 20

B12 helps reform tetrahydrofolate from ___________.

Answer 20

methylfolate

Question 21

B12 is involved in the isomerization of methylmalonyl co-a to _______________.

Answer 21

succinyl co-a

Question 22

Which B vitamin is only found in animal products?

Answer 22

B12

Question 23

Absorption of ____________ is an active, saturable process. Thus, eating much more than the RDA leads to a large amount of excretion (expensive pee and poop).

Answer 23

ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

Question 24

Joint pain (and refusal to walk) is a sign of _________ deficiency.

Answer 24

vitamin C

Question 25

Those with bariatric surgery are at increased risk for ___________.

Answer 25

BERIberi (get it?)

Question 26

You can actually precipitate Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome by _____________.

Answer 26

refeeding a starved person without giving supplemental thiamin

Question 27

Tryptophan is a precursor for __________ and can actually prevent deficiency in that enzyme.

Answer 27

niacin

Question 28

Why does carcinoid tumor lead to niacin deficiency?

Answer 28

Because it shunts tryptophan away from niacin production

Question 29

B6 deficiency presents with _____________.

Answer 29

anemia, glossitis, and neurologic problems

Question 30

The neurologic effects of ______ deficiency are irreversible.

Answer 30

B12

Question 31

Which vitamin helps convert tryptophan to serotonin and dopamine to norepinephrine?

Answer 31

Vitamin C