🔸 Case-Based Review of Lipid Metabolism

Question 1

True or false: fat oxidation precedes carbohydrate oxidation as exercise intensity increases.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Geranyl is an intermediate in the synthesis of ____________.

Answer 2

cholesterol

Question 3

True or false: thyroid hormone comes from cholesterol.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

The two cases that warrant high-intensity statins are _____________.

Answer 4

ASCVD and LDL greater than 190

Question 5

The main difference between moderate and moderate/high intensity statins is ___________.

Answer 5

presence of diabetes indicates moderate/high, while no diabetes but 7.5% CVD risk indicates moderate

Question 6

ABCA1 defects present with ______ HDL.

Answer 6

low

Question 7

Lipoprotein lipase defects present with __________.

Answer 7

sky-high triglycerides

Question 8

Equally elevated triglycerides and LDL suggest a disorder that might present with what physical exam finding?

Answer 8

Xanthomas (being ApoE defect, which leads to inability to retrieve IDLs)

Question 9

True or false: saturated fat is more likely to induce atherosclerosis than trans fat.

Answer 9

False. Trans fat is worse.

Question 10

The Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce risk of developing ___________.

Answer 10

CVD and diabetes

Question 11

What is the DPP diet?

Answer 11

The diabetes prevention program diet: a low-fat, calorie restricted diet shown to prevent diabetes

Question 12

What kinds of studies have shown that lower saturated fats decrease risk of CVD?

Answer 12

Randomized controlled trials

Question 13

Von Gierke disease (type I) involves deficiency of […].

Answer 13

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 14

Pompe disease (type II) involves deficiency of […].

Answer 14

Lysosomal acid α-1,4- glucosidase with

α-1,6- glucosidase activity (acid maltase)

Question 15

Cori disease (type III) involves deficiency of […].

Answer 15

Debranching enzyme (α -1,6-glucosidase)

Question 16

McArdle disease (type V) involves deficiency of […].

Answer 16

Skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase (Myophosphorylase)