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Nutrition > Water Soluble Vitamins > Flashcards

Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Tetrahydrofolic acid is the active form of what vitamin?

A

folic acid (folate)

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2
Q

What vitamin transfers one carbon fragment in synthesis of amino acids, purines, and thymine?

A

folic acid (folate)

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3
Q

What vitamin deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects?

A

folic acid (folate)

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4
Q

High levels of B12 can mask what deficiency?

A

folic acid (folate)

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5
Q

What is the most common nutritional anemia?

A

microcytic anemia

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6
Q

What is lack of iron?

A

microcytic anemia

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7
Q

What is MCV?

A

mean corpuscular volume, used to determine nutritional anemias

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8
Q

What is protein-calorie malnutrition?

A

normocytic anemia

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9
Q

What is deficiency in vitamin B12/folate?

A

macrocytic anemia

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10
Q

What is the MCV for microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemias?

A

microcytic: <80
normocytic: 80-100
macrocytic: >100

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11
Q

What is the normal MCV for adults?

A

80-100 um^3

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12
Q

Macrocytic anemias are often called _____.

A

megaloblastic

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13
Q

What are the most common neural tube defects?

A

spina bifida and ancephaly

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14
Q

True or False? ALL women of childbearing age should concume 0.4mg/day of folic acid (but no more than 1 mg/day).

A

True

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15
Q

_____ supplementation before conception and during the first trimester eliminate spina bififa and ancephaly.

A

folic acid

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16
Q

How many pregnancies are affected by neural tube defects in US per year?

A

4,000

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17
Q

Methylcobalamin/deoxyadenosylcobalamin are the active forms of what vitamin?

A

vitamin B12

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18
Q

What vitamin functions as acofactot for conversion of homocysteine to methionine and methylalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA?

A

vitamin B12

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19
Q

What vitamin deficiency leads to pernicious (megaloblastic) anemia, dementia, spinal degeneration?

A

vitamin B12

20
Q

What is the autoimmune destruction of parietal cells that synthesize intrinsic factor?

A

pernicious anemia

21
Q

True or False? Pernicious anemia usually arises from insufficient consumption of B12.

A

False. Pernicious anemia usually arises from insufficient intestinal absorption

22
Q

B12 deficiency can be masked by ______.

A

folic acid

23
Q

What vitamin functions as an antioxidant and cofactor for hydroxylation reactions in procollagen?

A

vitmain C

24
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy (sore, spongy gums, loose teeth and poor wound healing)?

A

vitamin C

25
Q

Pyridoxal phosphate is the active form of what vitamin?

A

vitamin B6

26
Q

What vitamin functions as a cofactor for enzymes (i.e. amino acid production)?

A

vitamin B6

27
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes glossitis and neropathy (though rare)?

A

vitmain B6

28
Q

Which vitmain causes neurologic symptoms at intakes greater than 2g/day?

A

vitmain B6

29
Q

What vitamin is involved in transamination and deamination of amino acid metabolism?

A

vitamin B6

30
Q

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is the active form of what vitamin?

A

vitamin B1

31
Q

What 2 reactions use thiamine pyrophosphate as a coenzyme?

A

A. transketolase

B. pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketogluturate dehydrogenase

32
Q

Beriberi and wernicke korsakoff syndrome are deficiencies of what vitamin?

A

vitamin B1

33
Q

What has infantile symptoms of tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions, and death, and is often found in areas where polished rice is the major dietary component?

A

Beriberi

34
Q

What is primarily seen in chronic alcoholics and include the following symptoms: apathy, loss of memory, and rhythmical eye movements?

A

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

35
Q

NAD+ and NADPH are active forms of what vitamin?

A

niacin

36
Q

What vitamin aids in electron transfer?

A

niacin

37
Q

Pellagra is caused by what vitamin deficiency?

A

niacin

38
Q

High doses of what vitamin are used to treat hyperlipidemia?

A

niacin

39
Q

FAD and FMN are the active forms of what vitamin?

A

vitamin B2

40
Q

What vitamin accepts 2 H+ atoms and assists in oxidation and reduction reactions?

A

vitamin B2

41
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes dermatitis, cheilosis, and glossitis (though rare)?

A

vitamin B2

42
Q

Covalently bound carboxylase is the active form of what vitamin?

A

biotin

43
Q

What vitamin participates in carboxylation reactions?

A

biotin

44
Q

_____ results from a defect in the ability to remove biotin from carboxylases during their degradation.

A

multiple carboxylase deficiency

45
Q

Part of coenzyme A is the active forms of what vitamin?

A

pantothenic acid

46
Q

What vitamin functions as an acyl carrier?

A

pantothenic acid

Nutrition (9 decks)

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