Water security

Question 1

What does supply mean?

Answer 1

The physical provision/ availability of water.
* Supply is strongly linked to physical factors → human supply systems
* Poor management → cause supply to go down e.g pollutants

Question 2

What does demand mean?

Answer 2

The volume/ requirement of water needed by users to fulfil needs and maintain life and activity.
* Encouraging/ education of conservation and charging price of water → can reduce demand
* Population increase → increase demand

Question 3

Factors affecting supply

Answer 3

• Rainfall and groundwater levels
• Distribution efficiency and leakage
• River flows including transboundary
• Water source quality

Question 4

factors affecting demand

Answer 4

• Population level / growth
• Industrial / agricultural demand
• Conservation measures
• Price

Question 5

Global water stress how many countries are extremely water stressed?

Answer 5

25

Question 6

How much of the world population live in these water stress countries?

Answer 6

25%

Question 7

How much % of the freshwater resources are being used in the water stressed countries?

Answer 7

80%

Question 8

Options for countries that use more water than being replenished

Answer 8

• Deplete non-renewable resources and deepen crisis
• Reduce demand
• Recycle existing supply ( grey water)
• Increase supply → desalination / ‘grab’ other resources ie aquifers

Question 9

What is green water?

Answer 9

water found in plants, soil and the rain

Question 10

What is blue water?

Answer 10

is water in rivers and lakes,groundwater and the water frozen in glaciers and ice caps

Question 11

What water is used most globally?

Answer 11

Greenwater is used much more globally than blue water

Question 12

What is a day 0 city ?

Answer 12

the critical point at which a city’s water supply is predicted to be nearly completely depleted leaving dry taps and communities in crisis.

e.g mexico city / capetown