water relations

Question 1

requires a highly hydrated environment

Answer 1

biochemistry

Question 2

what is the potential required for biochem

Answer 2

> -3 MPa

Question 3

_____ environment provides ____ and ____ but it is ____

Answer 3

atmospheric, CO2, light, dry

Question 4

what is the potential of atm environment

Answer 4

-100 MPa

Question 5

it is ______ to plant life

Answer 5

water, indispensable

Question 6

it accounts for ___ to ____ of the ____ of the _____

Answer 6

water, 90-95%, weight, soft tissues

Question 7

serves several unique functions in plants

Answer 7

water

Question 8

what is polarity of water

Answer 8

polar

Question 9

its ___ makes it an excellent ____

Answer 9

water, polarity, solvent

Question 10

its ability to form _____ bonds gives it ____, ____, and _____ properties that are important in plant processes

Answer 10

water, hydrogen, thermal, cohesive, adhesive

Question 11

_____ is the attraction between the molecules of two different substances,

Answer 11

adhesion

Question 12

_____ is the attraction between the molecules or atoms of the same substance.

Answer 12

cohesion

Question 13

has high ______ under ____ temperature and _______, minimizes _____ temperature variations in ____, ______, and _____

Answer 13

water, heat storage capacity, normal, pressu, water, plant cells, tissues, organs

Question 14

transmits _____ light and absorbs ______ wave radiation more than ____ wave radiation

Answer 14

water, visible, long, short

Question 15

found in almost all parts of the ____ and in all parts of the _____

Answer 15

water, cell, plant

Question 16

the water found in cell structures

Answer 16

bound/free water

Question 17

utilized in the course of ____ processes, especially during _____ where ____ is prerequisite

Answer 17

growth water, growth, elongation, turgor

Question 18

utilized for ______ and other reactions in th ecell

Answer 18

metabolic water, photosynthesis

Question 19

released by plants in the form of _____ and ____ the _____

Answer 19

transpiration water, water vapor, cools leaves

Question 20

along with _____, is ____ from ____ to _____ for ____ distance and through ______ for ____ distance

Answer 20

transport water, soluted, transported, cell to cell, short, vascular bundles, long

Question 21

released by ________, ______, and other organs into the _____, or released as part of the _____

Answer 21

excretion/secretion water, glandular trichomes, nectaries, atmosphere, exudates

Question 22

the amount of water required by plants decreases as follows:

Answer 22

transpiration > secretion > transport = growth > metabolic

Question 23

the ____ and _____ of water in plant parts

Answer 23

water conduction/water transport, absorption, transport

Question 24

water conduction with the cell ____ (_______), or from ____ to _________ or ____ (_______)

Answer 24

extrafascicular (short distance), itself (cellular transport), cell to neighboring cells or tissues (radial transport)

Question 25

in _____ transport, movement by _______ or ______ may occur along the _____ or _____

Answer 25

radial, diffusion, osmosis, symplast, apoplast

Question 26

movement through cytoplasm

Answer 26

symplast

Question 27

movement through cell wall

Answer 27

apoplast

Question 28

_____ by _____ from cell to cell takes place in ____ directions, driven by ______

Answer 28

water conduction, osmosis, all, water potential gradient

Question 29

occurs at the ____ axis via ______

Answer 29

fascicular (long distance), vertical water conduction, longitudinal axis, vascular bundles

Question 30

has a _______ rate over ____ distance, but an extremely _____ rate over, by ______, over _____ distance

Answer 30

fascicular, fast diffusion rate, short, low, bulk flow, long

Question 31

describes how tightly ___ is bound in the soild

Answer 31

water potential, water

Question 32

describes the availability of water for biological processes

Answer 32

water potential

Question 33

defines the flow of water in all systems

Answer 33

water potential

Question 34

what is SPAC

Answer 34

soil plant atmosphere continuum

Question 35

what is the flow in SPAC

Answer 35

high (from roots) to low (to leaves)

Question 36

complete flow in SPAC

Answer 36

root (LWF), stomata (WVF), boundary (WVF)

Question 37

_____ capacity of the cell is determined, not by the absolute amount of water in the cell, but by the ______ of ______

Answer 37

hydration, chemical potential, water

Question 38

expresses the chemical activty of any substance in terms of _____

Answer 38

chemical potential, free energy per mole of the substance

Question 39

the ___ energy needed for the transport of water molecules in a system

Answer 39

water potential, free

Question 40

has a relative measurement in the sense that it is relative to the φ of ______ at ______ and _______

Answer 40

water potential, pure water, atmosphering pressure, temperature

Question 41

expressed in units of pressure

Answer 41

megapascal (MPa) 10 MPa = 1 bar = 1 atm

Question 42

useful parameter in evaluating the water status of plants

Answer 42

water potential

Question 43

it has a value of ____ in chemically ______

Answer 43

water potential, zero, pure water

Question 44

the maximum value of water potential

Answer 44

zero

Question 45

______ in _____, where water is physically or chemically bound

Answer 45

water potential, decreases, aqueous solution

Question 46

a cell has a ____ (potential), since ____ molecules in all living cells lower free energy of water

Answer 46

negative φ, solute

Question 47

pressure exerted by the _____ obstructing the passage of solute molecules, as ___ eneters the cell freely

Answer 47

osmotic pressure (π), membrane, water

Question 48

same quantity as osmotic pressure (π), but has a ___ value

Answer 48

osmotic potential (Wπ) and solute potential (Ws), negative

Question 49

pressure exerted by the ____ equally, but opposite to the pressure exerted by the ____

Answer 49

turgor pressure (P) or pressure potential (Wp), protoplast, cell wall

Question 50

___ arises due to the rigid cell wall of the plant cell, which restricrts ____ upon entry of water

Answer 50

-P (negative turgor pressure), swelling

Question 51

_______ is dependent on ______

Answer 51

plant cell water potential (Wcell), pressure potential (Wp)

Question 52

formula for Wcell

Answer 52

Wcell = P - π Wcell = Wp + Ws

Question 53

the W values are ____, π _____ (makes more ______) the W of the cell, while P ______ (makes _____) the W

Answer 53

negative, decreases, negative, increases, less negative

Question 54

cell volume is minimum and protoplast barely touches the cell wall

Answer 54

incipient plasmolysis (W = -π, P =0)

Question 55

cells are _____, when W is very low and P is negative, the protoplast _____

Answer 55

plasmolyzed, shrinks