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chembio lab > water relations > Flashcards

water relations Flashcards

1
Q

requires a highly hydrated environment

A

biochemistry

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2
Q

what is the potential required for biochem

A

> -3 MPa

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3
Q

_____ environment provides ____ and ____ but it is ____

A

atmospheric, CO2, light, dry

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4
Q

what is the potential of atm environment

A

-100 MPa

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5
Q

it is ______ to plant life

A

water, indispensable

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6
Q

it accounts for ___ to ____ of the ____ of the _____

A

water, 90-95%, weight, soft tissues

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7
Q

serves several unique functions in plants

A

water

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8
Q

what is polarity of water

A

polar

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9
Q

its ___ makes it an excellent ____

A

water, polarity, solvent

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10
Q

its ability to form _____ bonds gives it ____, ____, and _____ properties that are important in plant processes

A

water, hydrogen, thermal, cohesive, adhesive

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11
Q

_____ is the attraction between the molecules of two different substances,

A

adhesion

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12
Q

_____ is the attraction between the molecules or atoms of the same substance.

A

cohesion

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13
Q

has high ______ under ____ temperature and _______, minimizes _____ temperature variations in ____, ______, and _____

A

water, heat storage capacity, normal, pressu, water, plant cells, tissues, organs

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14
Q

transmits _____ light and absorbs ______ wave radiation more than ____ wave radiation

A

water, visible, long, short

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15
Q

found in almost all parts of the ____ and in all parts of the _____

A

water, cell, plant

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16
Q

the water found in cell structures

A

bound/free water

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17
Q

utilized in the course of ____ processes, especially during _____ where ____ is prerequisite

A

growth water, growth, elongation, turgor

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18
Q

utilized for ______ and other reactions in th ecell

A

metabolic water, photosynthesis

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19
Q

released by plants in the form of _____ and ____ the _____

A

transpiration water, water vapor, cools leaves

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20
Q

along with _____, is ____ from ____ to _____ for ____ distance and through ______ for ____ distance

A

transport water, soluted, transported, cell to cell, short, vascular bundles, long

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21
Q

released by ________, ______, and other organs into the _____, or released as part of the _____

A

excretion/secretion water, glandular trichomes, nectaries, atmosphere, exudates

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22
Q

the amount of water required by plants decreases as follows:

A

transpiration > secretion > transport = growth > metabolic

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23
Q

the ____ and _____ of water in plant parts

A

water conduction/water transport, absorption, transport

24
Q

water conduction with the cell ____ (_______), or from ____ to _________ or ____ (_______)

A

extrafascicular (short distance), itself (cellular transport), cell to neighboring cells or tissues (radial transport)

25
Q

in _____ transport, movement by _______ or ______ may occur along the _____ or _____

A

radial, diffusion, osmosis, symplast, apoplast

26
Q

movement through cytoplasm

A

symplast

27
Q

movement through cell wall

A

apoplast

28
Q

_____ by _____ from cell to cell takes place in ____ directions, driven by ______

A

water conduction, osmosis, all, water potential gradient

29
Q

occurs at the ____ axis via ______

A

fascicular (long distance), vertical water conduction, longitudinal axis, vascular bundles

30
Q

has a _______ rate over ____ distance, but an extremely _____ rate over, by ______, over _____ distance

A

fascicular, fast diffusion rate, short, low, bulk flow, long

31
Q

describes how tightly ___ is bound in the soild

A

water potential, water

32
Q

describes the availability of water for biological processes

A

water potential

33
Q

defines the flow of water in all systems

A

water potential

34
Q

what is SPAC

A

soil plant atmosphere continuum

35
Q

what is the flow in SPAC

A

high (from roots) to low (to leaves)

36
Q

complete flow in SPAC

A

root (LWF), stomata (WVF), boundary (WVF)

37
Q

_____ capacity of the cell is determined, not by the absolute amount of water in the cell, but by the ______ of ______

A

hydration, chemical potential, water

38
Q

expresses the chemical activty of any substance in terms of _____

A

chemical potential, free energy per mole of the substance

39
Q

the ___ energy needed for the transport of water molecules in a system

A

water potential, free

40
Q

has a relative measurement in the sense that it is relative to the φ of ______ at ______ and _______

A

water potential, pure water, atmosphering pressure, temperature

41
Q

expressed in units of pressure

A

megapascal (MPa)

10 MPa = 1 bar = 1 atm

42
Q

useful parameter in evaluating the water status of plants

A

water potential

43
Q

it has a value of ____ in chemically ______

A

water potential, zero, pure water

44
Q

the maximum value of water potential

A

zero

45
Q

______ in _____, where water is physically or chemically bound

A

water potential, decreases, aqueous solution

46
Q

a cell has a ____ (potential), since ____ molecules in all living cells lower free energy of water

A

negative φ, solute

47
Q

pressure exerted by the _____ obstructing the passage of solute molecules, as ___ eneters the cell freely

A

osmotic pressure (π), membrane, water

48
Q

same quantity as osmotic pressure (π), but has a ___ value

A

osmotic potential (Wπ) and solute potential (Ws), negative

49
Q

pressure exerted by the ____ equally, but opposite to the pressure exerted by the ____

A

turgor pressure (P) or pressure potential (Wp), protoplast, cell wall

50
Q

___ arises due to the rigid cell wall of the plant cell, which restricrts ____ upon entry of water

A

-P (negative turgor pressure), swelling

51
Q

_______ is dependent on ______

A

plant cell water potential (Wcell), pressure potential (Wp)

52
Q

formula for Wcell

A

Wcell = P - π
Wcell = Wp + Ws

53
Q

the W values are ____, π _____ (makes more ______) the W of the cell, while P ______ (makes _____) the W

A

negative, decreases, negative, increases, less negative

54
Q

cell volume is minimum and protoplast barely touches the cell wall

A

incipient plasmolysis (W = -π, P =0)

55
Q

cells are _____, when W is very low and P is negative, the protoplast _____

A

plasmolyzed, shrinks

chembio lab (6 decks)

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