Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chembio lab > cell organelles > Flashcards

cell organelles Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleus: specialized structure within the cell which contains _____ and controls cell functioning and reproduction

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organelles: _____ bodies with specific structures and functions within the
cell.

A

small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell Membrane (also _____): the thin layer which ________

A

plasma membrane

separates the cell contents from the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vacuole: membrane enclosed, _____

A

fluid-filled spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

plant cells have _____ that surrounds the CM

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plastids: membrane-bound structures that usually ______ and give plant cells their colors. (i.e. chloroplast)

A

contain pigments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

prokaryotes lack ___

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

prokaryotes are ____

A

unicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

animal cell center is

A

nucleus; contains genetic info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mitochondria

A

produce energy for the cell, powerhouse of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

glycogen granules

A

storage form of glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

plant cell center is

A

nucleus, contains genetic info in form of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

plant cells have many what

A

vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cells are surround by a thin membrane of ____ and ____

A

lipid and protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of CM/PM

A

transport of materials in and out of the cell, recognition, communication, homoestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

each phospholipid has a ____ and _____

A

hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CM/PM has a consistency of

A

light machine oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cell membrane is _____ (let some substances)

A

selectively permeable, partially permeable, semi-permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

two layers of phospholipid molecules are interspersed with

A

cholesterol and proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the water attracting heads anchor the _____ to the ____

A

membrane; cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

water-hating tails allow what molecules

A

fat-soluble molecules (tranquilizers and sleeping pills)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

proteins in the CM function as

A

transport of large water soluble molecules (sugars and amino acids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

glycoprotein function

A

identify the cell as belonging to a unique organism, enables the immune system to detect foreign cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cholesterol function in CM

A

as stabilizers that limit the movements of 2 slippery phospholipid layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

tiny gaps in the CM (interstices) function

A

enable small molecules (o2) to diffuse readily into and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

aerobic respiration

A

process that provides the cell with the energy needed to carry out its functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

plant cells have a ____ that surronds their CM

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

cell wall of plant cells is made up of

A

cellulose fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

cell wall function in plant cells

A

lends shape to plant cell, doesnt participate in cell activitypl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

plant cell wall is made of

A

cellulose (long mol of carbo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

fungi cell wall is made of

A

chitin (amino sugar glucosamine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

bacterials cell is made of

A

mureins (polysaccharide chain linked by amino acids); peptidoglycan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

chloroplasts and plastids are what makers?

A

they are food makers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

chloroplasts contain

A

pigments and give plant cells their colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the most prominent plastid is the

A

chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

some plastids are

A

storage bodies for starch, proteins, oils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

chromoplasts are

A

colored plastids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

chloroplasts are

A

chlorophyll bearing plastids (green)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

carotenoids/xanthrophylls

A

yellow/oragne, cream, red, brown

40
Q

leucoplasts are

A

white or colorless plastids

41
Q

leucoplasts contain

A

starch, oils, protein granules

42
Q

this is where the chlorophyll is located

A

granum/grana

43
Q

give me the order of grana

A

thylakoid - granum - grana

44
Q

chloroplasts

A

double-membrane bound organelles, where photosynthesis occurs

45
Q

give me the chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

6 CO2 + 6 H2O —sunlight—-> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

46
Q

chem eq for cellular respi

A

6 O2 + C6H12O6 —-> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP

47
Q

chlorophyll absorbs what

A

energy of the sun/ sunlight, for reducing CO2 to glucose

48
Q

vesicle and vacuole functions

A

for transport and storage of materials

49
Q

plant cells have one large

A

central vacuole

50
Q

central vacuole functions

A

water, food, waste stoage, cell support

extension of ER membrane

51
Q

membrane of central vacuole is

A

tonoplast

52
Q

cell sap (fluid) functions

A

water with dissolved substances

53
Q

food vacuoles are what

A

processing centers

54
Q

storage vacuoles functions

A

contain the finished products (fats)

55
Q

excretory vacuoles

A

for elimination of wastes

56
Q

peroxisomes

A

contain enzymes that form hydrogen peroxide, and break it down into water and oxygen

57
Q

the nucleus is the cell’s what

A

cell’s gpu

58
Q

nuclesus is the

A

control center, brain of the cell

59
Q

nucleus contains

A

contains dna and site of manufacture of rna

60
Q

nucleus is surrounded by

A

nuclear envelope

61
Q

nuclear envelope has

A

pores, which are nuclear pores

62
Q

function of nuclear pores

A

allow selected molecules into and out of the nucleus

63
Q

chromosomes consist of

A

long strands of DNA

64
Q

DNA is wound into coils with proteins called

A

histones

65
Q

chromatin

A

combination of dna and histone proteins

66
Q

chromosomes function

A

packaging of dna during nuclear division, control of gene expression

67
Q

nucleus contains one or more dark-staining discrete structures

A

nucleoli

68
Q

nucleoli functions

A

sites of rRNA synthesis

69
Q

er is a system of

A

membranous tubular canals (outside of nucleus and branches throughout the cytoplasm)

70
Q

function of rough er

A

protein synthesis

71
Q

attached to rough er is

A

ribosome

72
Q

function of smooth er

A

lipid synthesis

73
Q

function of lipids

A

growth of CM, used to make hormones, detoxify drugs/chemicals

74
Q

ER is the cell’s

A

membrane factory

75
Q

smooth er synthesizes what

A

phospholipids and cholesterol

76
Q

ribosomes consist of

A

rRNA and proteins

77
Q

ribosome is the site for

A

protein synthesis

78
Q

mRNA function

A

used as template to make proteins

79
Q

rRNA function

A

makes up ribosomes

80
Q

tRNA function

A

matches amino acids to mRNA to help make proteins

81
Q

who discovered golgi apparatus

A

camillo golgi

82
Q

the stack of golgi body is made of

A

6 or more saccuoles

83
Q

golgi body function

A

modification, assembly, packaging, storage, and secretion of substances

84
Q

special vesicles which are formed by the golgi

A

lysosomes

85
Q

lysosomes contain

A

powerful hydrolytic enzymes

86
Q

functions of lysosomes

A

cellular digestion, autodigestion, breakdown of a whole cell. called suicide sacs

87
Q

lysosomes contain over ___

A

40 diff enzymes

88
Q

mitochondria

A

largest organelle in an animal cell, after nucleus

89
Q

mitochondria has folds

A

cristae, where energy is produces

90
Q

mitochondria functions

A

for cellular respiration, converts glucose and fatty acids to atp

91
Q

how many molecules of atp

A

38 atp mols

92
Q

human mitochondria dna is how many long

A

16,569 nucleotide pairs long

93
Q

prokaryotes characs

A

single-celled, lack true nucleus, dna is circular

94
Q

eukaryotes characs

A

contain nuclei

95
Q
A

chembio lab (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions