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chembio finals lab Flashcards

1
Q

Vaporizing a liquid from a solid (or another liquid) and condensing the vapor.

A

distillation

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2
Q

one of the physical properties used to identify it (distillation)

A

boiling point

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3
Q

used to separate pure compound from a non-volatile or less volatile material.

A

distillation

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4
Q

two types of distillation

A

simple and fractional

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5
Q

if the components have widely different boiling points (greater than a 100 °C difference in boiling points)

A

simple distillation

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6
Q

Fermentation of ethyl alcohol from yeast sugar wash

A

simple distillation

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7
Q

Mixtures of liquids whose boiling points are similar (separated by less than 70°C)

A

fractional distillation

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8
Q

Removing a substance from a solid or liquid mixture by adding a liquid (solvent) in which the substance is soluble.

A

extraction

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9
Q

separate compounds based upon their different solubilities in two solvents that do not mix.

A

extraction

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10
Q

what is the most widely used method in extraction?

A

solvent extraction

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11
Q

Extraction includes _____ according to the extraction principle.

A

solvent extraction, distillation method, pressing and decoction

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12
Q

the commonly used method of extraction in Chemistry and Biology laboratory

A

solvent extraction

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13
Q

solvent extraction is also known as

A

liquid-liquid extraction

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14
Q

what do you add in solvent extraction?

A

immiscible solvent

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15
Q

what are the two layers in solvent extraction?

A

aqueous and organic

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16
Q

these are often extracted from their source using solvents

A

essential oils

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17
Q

has been used especially for water-soluble and thermostable constituents.

A

decoction

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18
Q

method of extraction by boiling plant material to dissolve the chemicals of the material

A

decoction

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19
Q

enables the separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

A

chromatography

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20
Q

based on the principle where molecules in mixture applied onto the surface or into the solid, and fluid stationary phase (stable phase) is separating from each other while moving with the aid of a mobile phase

A

chromatography

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21
Q

The factors effective on this separation process include molecular characteristics related to
* adsorption (liquid-solid)
* partition (liquid-solid)
* affinity
* differences among their molecular weights

A

true

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22
Q

what are the three components that form the basis of the chromatography technique?

A

stationary phase, mobile phase, separated molecules

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23
Q

a form of partition chromatography used to separate molecules of different molecular sizes of protein

A

gel-filtration chromatography

24
Q

If a protein has a net positive charge negatively charged molecules bind to positively charged solid supports and positively charged molecules bind to negatively charged supports

A

ion-exchange chromatography

25
Positively charged protein binds to negatively charged bead
carboxylate group
26
negatively charged protein will bind to positively charged bead
diethylaminoethyl group
27
a separation method based on a specific binding interaction between an immobilized ligand and its binding partner.
affinity chromatography
28
High selectivity, resolution, and capacity in protein purification schemes
affinity chromatography
29
a process of separating components in a liquid mixture.
high performance liquid chromatography
30
A liquid sample is injected into a stream of solvent (mobile phase) flowing through a column packed with a separation medium (stationary phase).
high performance liquid chromatography
31
used to identify unknown compounds via molecular weight determination, to quantify known compounds, and to determine structure and chemical properties of molecules
mass spectrometry
32
Removing a solid substance from a liquid by passing the suspension through a filter.
filtration
33
this may be done cold or hot, using gravity or applying a vacuum, using a Buchner or Hirsch funnel, or a simple glass funnel.
filtration
34
Removing a substance from a soluble by means of centrifuge.
centrifugation
35
it is mainly used is clinical laboratory
centrifugation
36
Forming a crystalline solid by decreasing its solubility as a result of cooling the solution, evaporating the solvent, or adding a solvent in which it is less soluble so that solid crystals form.
crystallization
37
Vaporizing and recondensing its vapor
sublimation
38
few substances change directly, from a solid to vapour on heating without going through the liquid state
sublimation
39
It is versatile for it can be used to separate mixtures of solids, or of liquids, or mixtures of solids and liquids combined, or in the case of gas chromatography, can separate mixtures of gases.
chromatography
40
different compounds are adsorbed on the adsorbent to different degrees based on the absorptivity of the component
adsorption chromatography
41
mixture of substances is separated into its components with the help of a glass plate coated with a very thin layer of adsorbent
thin layer chromatography
42
what are the adsorbents?
silica gel and alumina
43
The plate used for TLC is known
chrome plate
44
what is the fluid used in TLC?
eluant
45
separate the components of a mixture using a column of suitable adsorbent packed in a glass tube
column chromatography
46
a continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture into a stationary phase and mobile phase takes place
partition chromatography
47
example of partition chromatography
paper chromatography
48
equal to the distance traveled by the compound divided by the distance traveled by the solvent front
retention factor (Rf)
49
absorbs moisture from the atmosphere
deliquescent solid
50
this compound absorbs moisture from the atmosphere
naoh
51
it is a primary standard acidic substance
potassium acid/hydrogen phthalate
52
chemical formula of KHP
HOOC-C6H4-COOK
53
what is the molar mass of KHP?
204.23 g/mol KHP
54
can be weighed accurately because it is stable (does not decompose) and not hygroscopic (does not absorb moisture from the atmosphere)
primary standard substance
55
solution with unknown concentration
analyte

chembio lab (6 decks)

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