Water On Land Case Studys Flashcards
What is a tsunami in a poor country, when was it and why did it happen?
September 2004 Bangladesh flood
350 Millimeters of rain fell in 24 hours
Most of the country is a flood plain
70% of the land is under 1 metre above sea level
Snow melts from Himalayas in the summer and floods the river Ganges
What were the immediate effects of this tsunami on the poor area?
Floods covered half of Bangladesh 760 people were killed 8.5 million left homeless Rice and fish farming was disrupted Transport was disrupted
What were the secondary effects of the tsunami on the poor area?
More than 1 million children suffered from malnutrition and disease
Government rebuilding cost for roads and industry’s was approx $2.5 million
Emergency food aid was needed until the following year of harvest
What were the immediate responses to this tsunami in a poor area?
Food, water/water purification tablets, medicines and clothing were distributed but access was a problem
What were some long term responses to the tsunami in and poor area?
Embankments were built along most rivers, but did not reach the potential the government thought they would
Food warning systems were improved and developed
Flood shelters were made, areas of land higher up where people can move to temporarily with cattle and have access to food
What is a example of a flood in a rich area, when was it and how did it happen?
August 2004
Boscastle near Cornwall
Summer storm dropped 200 millimetres of rain in 4 hours
Rain poured down steep hillsides into the rivers Valency and Jordan
Rivers met in boscastle creating a flash flood
What were some effects of the flood in the rich area?
A 3 metre high wall of water swept through the village
No one was killed
Cars were swept into the sea,
Houses were damaged and riverside shops destroys
What were some immediate responses to the flooding in the rich area?
Emergency services responded efficiently and quickly
Helicopters were used to airlift 80 people to safety
What were some long term responses of the flooding in the rich area?
£800,000 flood defence scheme was completed in 2005
What is hyrodolic action?
The force of the water hitting against the bed and banks. Most effective when water moves fast
What is abrasion?
When the load the river is carrying, hits against the riverbank breaking off material
What is attrition?
When the load in the river bang against each other breaking themselves down into a smaller size
What are the four process of transportation in the river?
Traction: largest Material, roll along the river floor
Saltation: moves the small stones by bouncing them along the river bed
Suspension: fine material which floats in the river as it flows
Solution: dissolved material
