Water Cycle

Question 1

What percentage of water is found in the oceans?

Answer 1

96.9%

Question 2

What percentage if water is found in the cryosphere?

Answer 2

1.9%

Question 3

What percentage of water is found in terrestrial stores?

Answer 3

1.1%

Question 4

What percentage of water is found in the atmosphere?

Answer 4

0.001%

Question 5

What does the rate of evaporation depend on?

Answer 5

-amount of solar energy
-availability of water
-humidity of the air
-temperature of the air

Question 6

Outline the concept of condensation

Answer 6

Warm air is able to hold more water vapour than cold air
When it is cooled sufficiently it becomes saturated
This is known as dew point temperature
Water molecules condense onto condensation nuclei

Question 7

What are the different types of rainfall?

Answer 7

-conventional
-relief
-frontal

Question 8

What is convectional rainfall?

Answer 8

Surfaces heat air from above

Question 9

What is relief rainfall

Answer 9

Air forced to rise over hills causing it to cool

Question 10

What is frontal rainfall

Answer 10

Masses of different temperatures of densities meet, less dense warm air rises over cold air

Question 11

Carbon cycle negative feedback loop

Answer 11

Increased use of fossil fuels - co2 in atmosphere - air temperature increase - plant growth - increase intake of co2

Question 12

Carbon cycle positive feedback loop

Answer 12

Greenhouse gases cause temperatures to increase - leads to permafrost thawing - exposes previously frozen organic matter to decay - decaying organic matter releases CO2 into the atmosphere- greenhouse gas levels increase

Question 13

Water cycle negative feedback loop

Answer 13

Increased surface temperatures- evaporation from oceans - more cloud coverage - clouds reflect radiation from sun - cools surface temperatures

Question 14

Water cycle positive feedback loop

Answer 14

Initial change - climate warming - increased atmospheric water vapour - increased greenhouse trapping of radiation - increased warming