Water and transport Flashcards
What are the characteristics of water molecules?
High boiling point
Liquid unlike co2 or oxygen
hydrogen bonds between molecules
Why is water in a liquid state?
Due to hydrogen bonds between molecules and lots of energy is needed to break them down.
what is cohesion?
cohesion is the mass movement of water molecules and they move together due attraction between molecules.
what is adhesion?
is the attraction between water and other materials
what are the different densities that water can have in different states?
water can have low density when in solid state as it expands and high density when in liquid state. ( due to fixed hydrogen bonds)
what is molecule formed by?
molecule is formed by atoms.
how does polar molecules interact? (water)
polar molecules interact at the positive and negative regions of the molecule where they form hydrogen bonds.
what is the function of hydrogen bonds in water molecules?
-they break and form as the water moves
-become fixed if the water is frozen
-these weak interact points allow water to be so unique and essential for life
How many hydroxyl groups and why does water contain them?
-there are 2 hydroxyl groups that water contains
-due to the greater share of electrons in oxygens in O-H bonds.
how does hydrogen bonds form in water?
Hydrogen bonds are formed:
-hydrogen has slightly negative charge
-oxygen has slightly positive charge
-the 2 opposite charges will attract each other
-a water molecule has partial negative charge on one side and partial positive on the other side
what is ionic bond?
where 1 positively charged atom or molecule and 1 negatively charge atom or molecule.
e.g salt made of +Na ions and -Cl ions.
why is water a good solvent?
:. of its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds + is able to dissolve many different kind of molecules + able to help chemical reactions take place.
what kind of transport do multicellular and single celled organism use?
Multicellular use mass transport system
Single celled organisms use Diffusion
what is mass transport and why is it use in multicellular organisms?
mass transport is the circulatory system where the heart is used to pump blood around the body; carries raw materials + removes metabolic waste
> used :. multicellular organisms diffusion from outer membrane would be too slow ( e.g. from skin to heart cells)
why is water dipolar?
:. it has partial charge
