Water and Minerals Flashcards
1
Q
Causes/Signs/Symptoms of dehydration
A
- Diarrhea
- vomiting
- high fever
- diuretics
- sweating
- polyuria
2
Q
Function, Source, Deficiency, Toxicity
Calcium
A
- Function: structure and storage, body fluids (muscle contracture, blood clotting, nerve impulses, hormone secretions, activate calmodulin for BP)
- Source: Dairy, leafy greens, small fish with small bones, legumes, fortified foods
- Effects of Toxicity: constipation, urinary stone formation, reduced absorption or iron, zinc and other minerals
- Effects of Deficiency: affects bone health, osteoporosis
3
Q
Function, Source, Deficiency, Toxicity
Sodium
A
- Function: maintenance of BP and volume, nerve impulse transmission, fluid balance
- Source: table salt, processed foods, preservatives, occurs naturally
- Effects of Toxicity: sodium-sensitive hypertension and edema
- Effects of Deficiency: hyponatremia
4
Q
Function, Source, Deficiency, Toxicity
Potassium
A
- Function: maintains fluid levels in cells, normal function of nerves and muscles
- Source: unprocessed foods, potatoes, tomatoes, bananas, oranges, other fruits, vegetables, dairy, legumes
- Effects of Toxicity: muscle weakness, vomiting, and cardiac arrest at high levels
- Effects of Deficiency: muscle weakness, confusion, appetite loss, cardiac dysrhythmias
5
Q
Osteoporosis prevention
A
- Adequate calcium intake during active growth phase
- smoking cessation
- alcohol moderation
- weight bearing exercise
- healthy body weight
6
Q
What should be included in POC for clients at high risk of developing osteoporosis?
A
- Vitamin D + Calcium
- Weight bearing exercise
7
Q
Strategies for reductin Sodium intake
A
Avoid/Decrease intake of processed foods
8
Q
Food sources of Iron
A
Meat, fish, poultry, vegetables, legumes, dried fruits, whole and enriched grains
animal heme is easier to absorb
9
Q
Nutrient that increase absorption of iron
A
Vitamin C
10
Q
Nutrient that decreases absorption of iron
A
Calcium
