Water Flashcards

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1
Q

What shape are water molecules?

A

V shaped

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2
Q

Why are water molecules v shaped?

A

The two lone pairs of electrons maximise distance between themselves

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3
Q

What word describes what oxygen is because of the fact that water has more protons so it is pulling the electrons of hydrogen towards itself?

A

Electronegative

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4
Q

What are the charges on water?

A

Oxygen is slightly negative and hydrogen is slightly positive so the electrons are slightly nearer oxygen

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5
Q

What does water have due to the uneven distribution of charge and what property does this give it?

A

Water has a permanent dipole so it is polar

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6
Q

What bonds does water form with other molecules

A

Hydrogen bonds

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7
Q

How strong are hydrogen bonds and how much effect do they have on water?

A

They are very weak but due to them being in large numbers they have a large effect on water

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8
Q

What do the hydrogen bonds create?

A

Cohesion

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9
Q

What does cohesion do?

A

Supports the columns of water in plants xylem so water moves through the xylem vessel through cohesive and adhesive forces

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10
Q

What does cohesion between the molecules produce?

A

Surface tension when water meets the air which supports pond skaters

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11
Q

Can you fit more drops of water on a coin than ethanol and why can you?

A

Yes sue to cohesion so water is not as wet as ethanol

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12
Q

What are ions or polar molecules that are attracted to water called?

A

Hydrophillic molecules

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13
Q

What are molecules that repel water called?

A

Hydrophobic molecules

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14
Q

What type of reaction is it when water molecules break up large molecules into smaller molecules eg photosynthesis?

A

Hydrolysis reaction

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15
Q

What type of reaction is it when a water molecule is released when chemical bonds are formed between small molecules to make a large molecule eg respiration?

A

Condensation reaction

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16
Q

What thermal property does water have which makes it thermostable?

A

High specific heat capacity lots of energy required to raise temperature

17
Q

What thermal property of water provides a cooling effect?

A

Large latent heat of vaporisation due to it taking a lot of heat to break the hydrogen bonds

18
Q

What happens as water freezes?

A

It expands creating ice which floats and insulates the water below so it doesnt freeze allowing aquatic life to survive under ice

19
Q

What thermal property allows water to provide support and buoyancy?

A

High density

20
Q

Why is it useful that water is transparent?

A

It allows light to travel through it allowing aquatic plants and algae to photosynthesise

21
Q

What is water used as in the blood and in plant xylems

A

Transport medium

22
Q

What word describes the fact that water is involved in many chemical reactions?

A

It is a metabolite