Water Flashcards
HOW DO HYDROGEN BONDS FORM BETWEEN WATER MOLECULES?
water is polar as O is more electronegative with a partially negative charge and the electronegativity of the 02 makes the h more positive forming hydrogen bonds.They are always reforming and breaking.
what’s the atomic structure of water?
It has a covalent bond, the electrons are found close to the Oxygen because it’s more electronegative. Electronegativity of oxygen makes hydrogens more positive forming hydrogen bonds.This causes the water molecules to interact with each other.The hydrogen bonds are weak but strong when there’s many of them and they are regularly breaking and reforming .
Expand how water has highs specific heat capacity and what it is
High specific heat capacity is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree.The hydrogen bonds between water molecules can absorb a lot of energy.So water has a hshc as it takes a lot of energy to heat up. This is good for organisms as it acts a good habitat as water doesn’t experience rapid temp changes, the temp is likely to be more stable than it is on land.
Expand how water has high latent heat of evaporation and what it is
It takes a lot of energy to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules so water has a hlhoe so a lot of energy is used up when water evaporates. This is good for living organism because it means water great for cooling things so mammals sweat when they’re hot and helps the water evaporate from plants
How is water cohesive and why is this useful in living organisms?
Cohesions the attraction between molecules of the same type.So as water molecules are very cohesive (they tend to stick together) because they’re polar.This helps water flow making it great for transporting substances. It also helps water to be transported up plant stems in the transpiration stream
Explain the property of water when it has a lower density when solid and why it’s useful?
At low temps water freezes (L-S) water molecules are held further apart in ice than they are in liquid water because each water molecule forms four hydrogen bonds to other water molecules forming a lattice shape. This makes ice less dense than water hence why ice floats.This is useful in cold temps as ice creates an insulating layer on top of water so the water below doesnt freeze. Aquatic organisms don’t freeze and can move around
How does water make a good solvent?
Because water is polar the slightly positive end of a water molecule will be attracted to the negative ion and the slighting negative end of a water molecule will be attracted to the positive ion . this means the ions will get surrounded by water molecules so theylle dissolve.This polarity makes it useful as a solvent in humans as important ions can dissolve in water in blood and be transported around body.
Why is water a good transport medium
Because of its cohesion and adhesion
Cohesion is when the after molecules stick together because of hydrogen bonds and this allows water to flow and transport substances in organisms.(plasma)
Adhesion is the tendency of water to stick to other materials ( waters attracted to the xylem surface so more easily pulled up the leaves for photosynthesis)
What makes a molecule polar
If it has a slightly negatively charged side and a slightly positively charged side.
