water Flashcards

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1
Q

describe water as a molecule

A

water is a dipolar molecule as the oxygen is slightly negative and the hydrogen is slightly positive this causes hydrogen bonds to form between different water molecules between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms

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2
Q

how is water a metabolite

A

-involved in many reactions like photosynthesis and hydrolysis
-important that the cytoplasm and plasma is made up of water

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3
Q

how is water a solvent

A

-many substances dissolve in water due to the fact water is dipolar
-this enables many essential substances can be transported easily around animals and plants in the xylem or blood

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4
Q

how does water have a high specific heat capacity

A

a lot of energy is required to raise the temperature of water this is because some of the heat energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules

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5
Q

why is having a high specific heat capacity useful

A

temperature of water remains relatively stable even if the surrounding temperature fluctuates, this keeps internal temperatures constant so enzymes dont denature

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6
Q

how does water have a large latent heat of vaporisation

A

alot of energy is required to convert water from its liquid state to gaseous state as the hydrogen bonds between H and O have to be broken

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7
Q

how is having a high latent heat of vaporisation beneficial to organisims

A

water provides a cooling effect for example when we sweat the heat energy from our skin is used to evaporate the water which cools the organisim

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8
Q

how does water have strong cohesion

A

water molecules stick together by hydrogen bonds

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9
Q

how is water having strong cohesion beneficial

A

-water moves up the xylem in a continuous stream this is easier than drawing up individual molecules
-cohesion also provides surface tension to water this enables small organisms to live on the surface of the water

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