DNA

Question 1

What is the function of dna

Answer 1

used to store genetic information

Question 2

what monomers is dna made up of

Answer 2

nucleotides

Question 3

what is a dna nucleotide made up of

Answer 3

deoxyribose(pentose sugar)
phosphate group
a nitrogenous base-adenine, thymine ,cytosine, guanine

Question 4

how is dna created

Answer 4

adjacent nucleotides are joined to eachother between the sugar and phosphate groups in a condensation reaction which forms a phosphodiester bond

Question 5

how does dna structure relate to its function

Answer 5

-stable structure to sugar-phosphate backbone and a double helix
-double stranded so semi conservative replication can occur using 1 strand as a template
-weak h bonds between complementary base pairs for easy unzipping during dna replication

Question 6

describe the process of semi conservative replication

Answer 6

-dna helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs causing double helix to unwind
-each of the seperated paternal strands acts as a template
-free floating dna nucleotides within the nucleus are attracted to their complementary base pairs on the template strands
-the adjacent nucleotides are joined together by a condensation reaction forming a phosphodiester bond catalysed by dna polymerase
-two sets of daughter dna contains one strand of the parental dna and one newly synthesised strand

Question 7

model answer for dna structure

Answer 7

DNA is made of a polymer of nucleotides/polynucleotide​

It is two molecules that are antiparallel to each other coiled into a double helix.​

Each nucleotide is made of deoxyribose, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base that can either be adenine, cytosine, thymine or guanine​

The adjacent nucleotides are joined to each other between the sugar and phosphate groups in a condensation reaction forming a phosphodiester bond​

Complementary base pairing holds the two strands together due to hydrogen bonds forming between A - T and C - G.

Question 8

model answer for dna replication

Answer 8

DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds causing the strands to separate​

Both strands act as a template​

Free nucleotides complementary base pair to the template A-T and G-C​

DNA polymerase joins adjacent nucleotides together forming a phosphodiester bond​

Hydrogen bonds form between the old strand and the newly synthesised strand​

DNA replication is semi-conservative replication