lipids

Question 1

what elements do lipids contain

Answer 1

hydrogen ,carbon ,oxygen

Question 2

what are the 2 groups of lipids

Answer 2

-triglycerides
-phospholipids

Question 3

describe triglycerides

Answer 3

made up of a glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acids joined by an ester bonded formed via multiple condensation reactions

Question 4

what are the 2 types of fatty acid

Answer 4

saturated and unsaturated

Question 5

what is a saturated fatty acid

Answer 5

do not have any double bonds between the carbon atoms in the fatty acid tail

Question 6

what is an unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 6

do have at least one double bond between carbon atoms in the fatty acid tail which causes chain to kink

Question 7

what are some functions of triglycerides

Answer 7

-energy storage as the long hydrocarbon tails contain many carbon-hydrogen bonds which release lots of energy when broken
-triglycerides are hydrophobic so dont cause osmotic uptake and more can be stored
-oxidation of carbon-hydrogen bonds releases metabolic water which is useful to desert animals
-low density increases buoyancy for animals

Question 8

describe the structure of phospholipids

Answer 8

only two fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule and a phosphate group attached to the glycerol

Question 9

what is the role of phospholipids

Answer 9

main component in cell membranes as a phospholipid bilayer is created due to the hydrophobic fatty acid tails and the hydrophilic phosphate heads