Water Flashcards
electronegative trend on periodic table increases:
to the right and up
electronegative trend on periodic table decreases:
to the left and down
electronegativity is a measure of
an atom’s ability to pull electrons towards itself in a COVALENT bond
electrons are shared _______ between “like” atoms
equally
electrons are NOT shared equally when atoms have
different electronegativity
the greater the difference in electronegativity…
the more unequal the electron sharing
a dipole moment occurs when
there is an unequal distribution of electronegativiy/charge
a dipole moment occurs when
there is unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
attraction/repulsion forces get _________ as the bond length increases
weaker
dipoles will ALWAYS _______ to maximize ____________ and minimize ____________
re-orient themselves, attractive forces, repulsive forces
water has a low ___________ and a high __________
vapor pressure, heat of vaporization
what causes water molecules to be “sticky”
hydrogen bonding between water molecules
water has a relatively high ____________
boiling point
in water, when molecular attraction DOMINATES over vibrational motion:
water exists as a solid (ice)
in water, when molecular vibration and molecular attraction COMPETE:
water becomes a fluid liquid
