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Review > Wastewater Engineering 2 > Flashcards

Wastewater Engineering 2 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the modification of of conventional plug-flow process

A

Tapered Aeration

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2
Q

Settled wastewater is introduced at several points in the aeration tank to equalize Food:Microbe ration, thus lowering the peak oxygen demand and peak hydraulic loads

A

Step Aeration

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3
Q

Identical with conventional or tapered aeration, but uses shorter aeration times (1.5 to 4 hours) and higher F:M ratios are used

A

Modified Aeration

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4
Q

Uses two separate tanks or compartments for the treatment of ww and stabilization of the activated sludge

A

Contact Stabilization

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5
Q

Process is used extensively for prefabricated package plants for small communities. No primary sedimentation

A

Extended Aeration

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6
Q

Process modification in which high MLSS concentrations are combined w/ high volumetric loadings. Uses turbine mixers for adequate mixing in the reactor

A

High Rate Aeration

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7
Q

It is an extended aeration process consists of a ring or oval shaped channel and is equipped w/ mechanical aeration devices

A

Oxidation Ditch (Racing Track)

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8
Q

Aerating the supernatant from the sludge digesters, digested sludge and a portion of RAS in a separate reaeration tank approx 24 hrs converting NH3 to NO3

A

Krauss Process

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9
Q

Vertically mounted mechanical aerators are used to impart oxygen and to provide sufficient horizontal velocity to the liquids to prevent settling of solids in aeration channel

A

Carroussel Process

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10
Q

Pure oxygen is used as a substitute for air in the activated sludge process

A

High purity oxygen

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11
Q

It is a “fill and draw” activated sludge process for wastewater treatment system. In this system, wastewater is added in single “batch” reactor, treated to removed undesirable components and then discharged

A

Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR)

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12
Q

Utilizes a solid medium on which bacterial solids are accumulated in order to maintain a high population

A

Attached Growth Process

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13
Q

They are no longer used by large communities because of the extensive area required

A

Intermittent Sand Filter

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14
Q

Consist if a bed of highly permeable media to w/c are attached and through w/c wastewater is percolated or trickled

A

Trickling Filter

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15
Q

It is used for loadings less than 40 kg BOD5 / m3 per day

A

Low rate filters

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16
Q

It is used for loadings up to 50 BOD5 / 100 m3 per day

A

Intermediate-rate Filters

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17
Q

Used for loadings up to 480 kg BOD5 / m3 per day

A

High rate filters

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18
Q

it is used for loadings more than 160 BOD5 / 100m3 per day

A

Roughing Filters

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19
Q

the surface of the disk is covered with a biological slime similar to that on the media of a trickling filter

A

Rotating Biological Contractors (RBC)

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20
Q

In a fixed-bed reactor the catalyst pellets are held in place and do not move with respect to a fixed reference frame

A

Packed bed reactor

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21
Q

The solids formed when microorganisms are used to treat wastewater. it includes organisms, accumulated food materials, and waste products from the aerobic decomposition process

A

Activated Sludge

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22
Q

It is to produce an extremely high quality discharge

A

Advanced waste Treatment

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23
Q

The only source of oxygen is combined oxygen is combined oxygen such as that found in nitrate compounds

A

Anoxic

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24
Q

Solid organic matter recovered from a sewage treatment process and used especially as fertilizer

A

Biosolids

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25
Q

A substance or solution which resists changes in pH

A

Buffer

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26
Q

The theoretical time water remains in a tank at a given flow rate

A

Detention time

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27
Q

The removal or separation of a portion of water present in a sludge or slurry

A

Dewatering

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28
Q

The monthly report required by the treatment plant’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) discharge permit

A

Discharge Monitor Report

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29
Q

An activated sludge process control calculation based upon the amount of food available per pound of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids

A

Food-to-microorganism ratio

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30
Q

Heavy inorganic solids such as sand, gravel, egg shells, or metal fillings

A

Grit

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31
Q

Water discharged from cellar and foundation drains, cooling water discharges, and drains from springs and swampy areas

A

Steady Inflow

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32
Q

Those types of inflow that have a direct stormwater runoff connection to the sanitary sewer and cause an almost immediate increase in wastewater flows

A

Direct flow

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33
Q

Mineral materials such as salt, ferric chloride, or treatment process

A

Inorganic

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34
Q

A certificate issued by the state board of waterworks or wastewater works operators authorizing the holder to perform the duties of a wastewater treatment plant operator

A

License

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35
Q

The average length of time a mixed liquor suspended solids particle remains in the activated sludge process

A

Mean Cell Residence Time

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36
Q

The combination of return activated sludge and wastewater in the aeration tank

A

Mixed Liquor

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37
Q

the suspended solids concentration of the mixed liquor

A

Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids

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38
Q

The concentration of organic matter in the mixed liquor suspended solids

A

Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids

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39
Q

The amount of oxygen required to biologically oxidize nitrogen compounds under specified conditions of time and temperature

A

Nitrogenous oxygen Demand

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40
Q

Substances required to support living organisms

A

Nutrients

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41
Q

The concentration of suspended solids in the sludge flow being returned from the settling tank to the head of the aeration tank

A

Return Activated Sludge Solids

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42
Q

A device to measure wastewater flow

A

Weir

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43
Q

It includes the availability if substrates and nutrients

A

Nutritional Factors

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44
Q

It includes pH, temperature, and response to free molecular oxygen

A

Physical factors

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45
Q

Acid loving organisms grow at pH values lower than 5.4

A

Acidophiles

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46
Q

Grow at pH values 5.4 to 8.5

A

Neutrophiles

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47
Q

Grow at pH values from 7 to 11.5

A

Alkalinophiles

48
Q

With increasing sludge age, the necessary cellular compounds needed to stick together or agglutinate

A

Floc-forming Bacteria

49
Q

These are motile or gliding filamentous organisms in the activated sludge process that contribute to settleability problems

A

Gliding Bacteria

50
Q

The feed upon dead organic matter

A

Saprophytic Bacteria

51
Q

Consist of a chain of gram-negative cells that are surrounded by a transparent tube

A

Sheath Bacteria

52
Q

Miroorganism in the activated sludge process use oxygen as they consume the substrate. The rate st which use oxygen

A

Oxygen Uptake Rate

53
Q

The combination of OUR with MLVSS

A

Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate

54
Q

A balance between floc-forming and filamentous bacteria results in strong flocs that keep their integrity in the aeration basin and settle well in the sedimentation tank

A

Normal Flocs

55
Q

It is the most predominate form of bulking that occurs and is caused by the growth of filamentous organisms or organisms that can grow in a filamentous form under adverse conditions

A

Filamentous Bulking

56
Q

It is a white or a colorless filamentous organism and is associated more commonly with fixed film system processes

A

Beggiatoa

57
Q

View the mixed liquor under the microscope to determine what type of microbial growth changes or floc structure changes can be related to the development of bulking sludge

A

Process Control

58
Q

It is caused by an excessive amount of extracellular biopolymer, which produces a sludge with a slimy jellylike consistency

A

Viscous Bulking

59
Q

Light fluffy sludge particles, small, almost transparent, very fluffy, buoyant solids particles

A

Straggler Floc

60
Q

It is the condition describing a buildup of foam or froth on the surface of the aeration tank

A

Foaming/Frothing

61
Q

A type of foam that has moderate amounts of crisp, white foam are usually associated with activated sludge processes producing an excellent final effluent

A

Fresh, crisp, white foam

62
Q

A type of foam that indicates an old sludge that is overoxidized, has a high mixed liquor concentration and has a waste rate that is too high

A

Thick, greasy, dark tan foam

63
Q

A type of foam that has a large amounts of a white, soap suds-like foam indicate a very young, underoxidized sludge

A

White Billowing Foam

64
Q

A group of filamentous, fungus like bacteria, gram positive and spore forming bacteria

A

Acinomycetes

65
Q

It is a relatively shallow body of water contained in an earthen basin of controlled shape, for the purpose of treating wastewater

A

Stabilization Ponds or Lagoons

66
Q

Shallow pond less than 1 m in depth, where dissolved oxygen is maintained throughout the entire depth by the action of photosynthesis

A

Aerobic ponds

67
Q

Deep ponds that receive high organic loading such that anaerobic conditions prevail and surface reaeration

A

Anaerobic Ponds

68
Q

The two dominant biological reactions

A

Acid formation and Methane Fermentation

69
Q

It is used to combat these odor

A

Sodium Nitrate and Grease Crusts

70
Q

the 2 types of facutative ponds

A

Primary facultative ponds and Secondary facultative ponds

71
Q

The type of facultative pond that receive settled wastewater

A

Secondary Facultative Ponds

72
Q

The type of facultative pond that receive raw wastewater

A

Primary Facultative Ponds

73
Q

1 to 2.5 m deep which have an anaerobic lower zone facultative middle zone and aerobic upper zone maintained by photosynthesis and surface reaeration

A

Facultative Ponds

74
Q

It is known as finishing or polishing ponds since they are used for polishing effluents fromother biological processes

A

Maturation or Tertiary Ponds

75
Q

Ponds oxygenated through the action of surface or diffuses air aeration

A

Aerated Lagoons

76
Q

Artificially created water bodies

A

Constructed Wetlands

77
Q

Composed of a network of sewer pipes, conduits, tunnels, structures, devices, equipment and appurtenances for the collection, transportation and pumping wastewater

A

Wastewater Collection system

78
Q

A pipe or conduit, generally closed, but normally not flowing full, when carries sewage

A

Sewer

79
Q

The entire system used for collection, treatment and disposal of wastewater. This includes pipes, manholes, and all structures used for the above mentioned purposes

A

Sewerage

80
Q

Serves all abutting properties

A

Common sewer

81
Q

Pipe conveying wastewater from an individual structure to a common sewer rot other point of disposal

A

House sewer

82
Q

No tributary flow except from house sewer

A

Lateral sewer

83
Q

Carries discharge from two or more laterals

A

Sub-main sewer

84
Q

Collects flow from several sub-mains as well as laterals and house sewers

A

Main/trunk sewer

85
Q

it’s for combined sewers

A

Intercepting sewer

86
Q

It receives discharges from all collecting system and conveys it to the point of final

A

Outfall sewer

87
Q

Water which is unaccounted for in the usage of the clients

A

Loss and waste

88
Q

Transport wastewater by gravity along a downward sloping pipe

A

Gravity sewer

89
Q

Transport wastewater by pressure through pumps

A

Pressurized sewers

90
Q

Uses the differential pressure between atmospheric pressure and a partial vacuum maintained in the piping network and vacuum station collection vessel.

A

Vacuum sewers

91
Q

Using unit values for plumbing fixtures

A

Fixture unit flow

92
Q

Using population of a community to determine the flow rate

A

Average per capita flow

93
Q

Using the peak flow for the process of activity involved

A

Industrial wastewater flow

94
Q

A device meant to admit the storm water or surface wash and convey it into a storm sewer or a combined sewer

A

Inlets

95
Q

A special type of inlet in which a basin is provided which allows grit, sand and debris flowing in with storm water settle out

A

Catch basin

96
Q

Located at the junction of sewers and changes in grades, sizes or alignment

A

Manhole

97
Q

The one which are about 0.75 to 0.9m I depth; Type of manhole

A

Shallow manholes

98
Q

Those which are about 1.5 m in depth; Type of manhole

A

Normal manholes

99
Q

Deeper than 1.5 m; Type of manhole

A

Deep manholes

100
Q

A special type of manhole on a sewer line which is constructed to provide a connection between a high level branch sewer to a low level main sewer

A

Drop manholes

101
Q

Special openings, constructed to join a hole in the sewer and the ground for the purpose of lowering a lamp inside a sewer

A

Lamp hole

102
Q

Holds water and then throws it into sewer for the purpose of flushing it

A

Flushing tanks

103
Q

To exclude grease and oil from sewage before they enter the sewer line

A

Grease and oil traps

104
Q

Sewer lines dips below the hydraulic grade line

A

Inverted siphon

105
Q

Barrier of earth or concrete erected between the watercourse and property to be protected

A

Leeves and floodwalls

106
Q

Reduce flooding by temporarily storing flood waters behind dams or in storage or detention basins

A

Reservoirs and detention

107
Q

New channel that sends floodwaters to a different location

A

Diversion

108
Q

Excavation activity usually carried out underwater, in shallow seas or freshwater areas w/ the purpose of gathering up bottom sediments and widening

A

Dredging

109
Q

Method of river engineering that widens or deepens rivers to increase the capacity for flow volume at specific sections of the rivers

A

Channelization

110
Q

Revised Effluent Regulations of 1990

A

DAO35

111
Q

Protected waters cause it requires disinfection to meet requirements

A

Class AA

112
Q

Could be drinkable but requires complete treatment

A

Class A

113
Q

ntended for primary contact

A

Class B

114
Q

for fishery, boating activities or agriculture

A

Class C

115
Q

navigable waters

A

Class D

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